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Potassium Solubilizing Microorganisms for Sustainable Agriculture pp 267–280Cite as

Potassium Uptake by Crops as Well as Microorganisms

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Abstract

Potassium (K) is one of the essential major plant nutrients. Its importance in agriculture has increased with intensive agriculture as well as deficiency occurring in crop plants. Global population is increasing at a quantum rate, which pushes the targeted yield to higher levels for mitigating the food demand of hungry mouths. Production of more food material from limited land is a challenge for the researcher and it aggravates nutrient deficiency, due to more uptake of plant nutrients, especially K, by high-yielding crop varieties. Among plant nutrients, deficiency of K limits the crop growth and reduces the crop yield. The source of K is native or via various replenishment paths, i.e. crop residue, microbial biomass and a range of waste materials. Researchers mentioning the wide gap between the addition of K and removal during crop production are highlighting the challenge to maintain a sustainable crop yield. The nutrient balance in the soil system is also affected by the quantity of nutrient that is taken up, raising nutrient storage in the soil–plant–microbe system, and how much is recycled by crop residues. The use of potassium-solubilizing microorganisms (KSMs) can increase the K level in the soil solution and ultimately increase plant growth and development. The main mechanisms of KSMs are acidolysis, chelation, exchange reactions, complexolysis and organic acid production in the soil. K fertilizers cost much more than other fertilizers, so use of KSMs in agricultural crop production can be a sustainable option for enhancing in situ K availability from the fixed sink of agricultural soils.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are highly thankful to Dr. Kuldeep Kumar, Scientist, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training, Dehradun, India, for help during the writing of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Berasia Road, Nabibagh, Bhopal, 462 038, India

    M. L. Dotaniya & V. D. Meena

  2. ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research, Boriavi, Anand, 387 310, India

    B. B. Basak

  3. Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ram Swaroop Meena

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  1. M. L. Dotaniya
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  2. V. D. Meena
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  3. B. B. Basak
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  4. Ram Swaroop Meena
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Correspondence to M. L. Dotaniya .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Crop Production Division, ICAR – Vivekananda Instit of Hill Agri, Almora, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Vijay Singh Meena

  2. Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Bihari Ram Maurya

  3. Instit of Envir and Sustainable Develop, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Jay Prakash Verma

  4. Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ram Swaroop Meena

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Dotaniya, M.L., Meena, V.D., Basak, B.B., Meena, R.S. (2016). Potassium Uptake by Crops as Well as Microorganisms. In: Meena, V., Maurya, B., Verma, J., Meena, R. (eds) Potassium Solubilizing Microorganisms for Sustainable Agriculture. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2776-2_19

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