Abstract
The most provoking reason for death in breast cancer patients is the metastasis of breast cancer. Accumulating documentation states that signal transduction in human breast cancers initiate in estrogen-dependent manner with the signaling of estrogen receptor α-subunit (ERα) and XBP-1 (bZIP-domain) proteins. So, molecular level insight into the signaling mechanism is indispensable for future pathological and therapeutic developments. Thus, this current study discloses the stable residual participation of the two crucial human proteins for enhancing the signaling mechanism in breast tumor malignancies. For this purpose, 3D homology models of the respective proteins were prepared after the satisfaction of their stereo-chemical features. The protein–protein interaction was studied and protein complex was energy optimized. Revelation from the stability calculating parameters, solvent accessibility areas and interaction probes led to the inference of the most stable optimized complex and its residual participation (exceptional contribution of polar charged residues) for metastasis progression in breast cancer cells.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Sudipa, S.R., Ratna, K.V.: Role of estrogen receptor signaling in breast cancer metastasis. International J. Breast Cancer 2012, 8 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/654698. Article ID 654698
Warner, M., Nilsson, S., Gustafsson, J.Å.: The estrogen receptor family. Curr. Opin. Obstet. Gynecol. 11(3), 249–254 (1999)
Hewitt, S.C., Couse, J.F., Korach, K.S.: Estrogen receptor knockout mice: what their phenotypes reveal about mechanisms of estrogen action. Breast Cancer Res. 2(5), 345–352 (2000)
McKenna, N.J., Lanz, R.B., O’Malley, B.W.: Nuclear receptor coregulators: cellular and molecular biology. Endocr. Rev. 20(3), 321–344 (1999)
McDonnell, D.P., Norris, J.D.: Connection and regulation of the human estrogen receptor. Science 296(5573), 1642–1644 (2002)
Ding, L., Yan, J., Zhu, J., Zhong, H., Lu, Q., Wang, Z., Huang, C., Ye, Q.: Ligand-independent activation of estrogen receptor alpha by XBP-1. Nucleic Acids Res. 31(18), 5266–5274 (2003)
Sengupta, S., Sharma, C.G.N., Jordan, V.C.: Estrogen regulation of X-box binding protein-1 and its role in estrogen induced growth of breast and endometrial cancer cells. Horm. Mol. Biol. Clin. Investig. 2(2), 235–243 (2010). doi:10.1515/HMBCI.2010.025
Liou, H.C., Boothby, M.R., Finn, P.W., Davidon, R., Nabavi, N., Zeleznik-Le, N.J., Ting, J.P., Glimcher, L.H.: A new member of the leucine zipper class of proteins that binds to the HLA DR alpha promoter. Science 247(4950), 1581–1584 (1990). doi:10.1126/science.2321018.PMID2321018
Simanti, B., Amit, D., Semanti, G., Rakhi, D., Angshuman, B.: Hypoglycosylation of dystroglycan due to T192M mutation: a molecular insight behind the fact. Gene 537, 108–114 (2014)
Angshuman, B.: Structural characterizations of metal ion binding transcriptional regulator CueR from opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonasaeruginosa to identify its possible involvements in virulence. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. (2014). doi:10.1007/s12010-014-1304-5
Jones, S., Stewart, M., Michie, A., Swindells, M.B., Orengo, C., Thornton, J.M.: Domain assignment for protein structures using a consensus approach: characterization and analysis. Protein Sci. 7(2), 233–42 (1998). doi:10.1002/pro.5560070202. PMC 2143930. PMID 9521098
George, R.A., Heringa, J.: An analysis of protein domain linkers: their classification and role in protein folding. Protein Eng. 15(11), 871–879 (2002). doi:10.1093/protein/15.11.871. PMID 12538906
McWilliam, H., Li, W., Uludag, M., Squizzato, S., Park, Y.M., Buso, N., Cowley, A.P., Lopez, R.: Analysis tool web services from the EMBL-EBI. Nucleic Acids Res. 41(Web Server issue), W597-600 (2013). doi:10.1093/nar/gkt376. PMID:(23671338)
Punta, M., Coggill, P.C., Eberhardt, R.Y., Mistry, J., Tate, J., Boursnell, C., Pang, N.: Forslun: the Pfam protein families database. Nucleic Acids Res. 40(D1), D290–D301 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkr1065. PMC 3245129. PMID 22127870
Altschul, S.F., et al.: Basic local alignment search tool. J. Mol. Biol. 25, 403–410 (1990)
Berman, M.H., et al.: The protein data bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 235–242 (2000). doi:10.1093/nar/28.1.235
Johannes, S., Andreas, B., Andrei N.L..: The HHpred interactive server for protein homology detection and structure prediction. Nucleic Acids Res. 33, W244–W248 (2005). Web Server issue. doi:10.1093/nar/gki408
Sali, A., Blundell, T.L.: Comparative protein modelling by satisfaction of spatial restraints. J. Mol. Biol. 234, 779–815 (1993)
DeLano, W.L.: The PyMOL molecular graphics system DeLano scientific, San Carlos (2002). doi:10.1093/nar/gki408
Fiser, A., Sali, A.: ModLoop: automated modeling of loops in protein structures. Bioinformatics 19(18), 2500–2501 (2003)
Xu, D., Zhang, Y.: Improving the physical realism and structural accuracy of protein models by a two-step atomic-level energy minimization. Biophys. J. 101, 2525–2534 (2001). doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2011.10.024
Laskowski, R.A., et al.: PROCHECK: a program to check the stereochemistry of protein structures. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 26, 283–291 (1993)
Colovos, C., Yeates, T.O.: Verification of protein structures: patterns of nonbonded atomic interactions. Protein Sci. 2, 1511–1519 (1993)
Ramachandran, G.N., Sashisekharan, V.: Conformation of polypeptides and proteins. Adv. Protein Chem. 23, 283–438 (1968)
Comeau, S.R., et al.: ClusPro: an automated docking and discrimination method for the prediction of protein complexes. Bioinformatics 20, 45–50 (2004)
Vakser, I.A.: Protein docking for low-resolution structures. Protein Eng. 8, 371–377 (1995)
Chen, R., et al.: ZDOCK: an initial-stage protein docking algorithms. Proteins. 51, 82–87 (2003)
Zhang, J., Liang, Y., Zhang, Y.: Atomic-level protein structure refinement using fragment-guided molecular dynamics conformation sampling. Structure 19, 1784–1795 (2011)
Mina, M., Gokul, V., Luis, R.: The role of electrostatic energy in prediction of obligate protein-protein interactions. Proteome Sci. 11, S11 (2013). doi:10.1186/1477-5956-11-S1-S11
Camacho, C.J., Zhang, C.: FastContact: rapid estimate of contact and binding free energies. Bioinformatics 21(10), 2534–2536 (2005)
Tina, K.G., Bhadra, R., Srinivasan, N.: PIC: protein interactions calculator. Nucleic Acids Res. 35, W473–W476 (2007)
Baldwin, R.L.: How Hofmeister ion interactions affect protein stability. Biophys. J. 71(4), 2056–2063 (1996)
Acknowledgement
Authors are deeply indebted for the immense help, paramount suggestions, and continuous encouragement rendered by Dr. Angshuman Bagchi, Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, India. Authors also render gratefulness to the Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur as well as to the Department of Biotechnology, Bengal College of Engineering and Technology for their support and cooperation.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer India
About this paper
Cite this paper
Banerjee, A., Ray, S. (2016). Molecular Computing and Residual Binding Mode in ERα and bZIP Proteins from Homo Sapiens: An Insight into the Signal Transduction in Breast Cancer Metastasis. In: Das, S., Pal, T., Kar, S., Satapathy, S., Mandal, J. (eds) Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Frontiers in Intelligent Computing: Theory and Applications (FICTA) 2015. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 404. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2695-6_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2695-6_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New Delhi
Print ISBN: 978-81-322-2693-2
Online ISBN: 978-81-322-2695-6
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)