Abstract
In India, approximately 49,000 women living with HIV become pregnant and deliver each year which is about 6–10 % of the total world figure.
Most of the pregnant women are unaware of their HIV status at the time of diagnosis of pregnancy and some of them even are not aware of their status until labour. Maternal HIV-1 infection has been associated with an increased risk of PTB, but mechanisms underlying this association are undefined.
HIV-infected women were more likely than HIV-uninfected women to have pregnancy-induced hypertension, anaemia, breech presentations, stillborn babies and foetal deaths [Indian Study]. Which are common factors of critical pregnancy.
Pregnancy does not appear to influence the progression of HIV disease. Furthermore, pregnancy does not seem to affect survival of women infected with HIV.
HIV impacts on direct (obstetrical) causes of maternal mortality by an associated increase in pregnancy complications such as anaemia, postpartum haemorrhage and puerperal sepsis.
HIV is also a major indirect cause of maternal mortality by an increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections like tuberculosis and malaria. Critical pregnancy in presence of HIV infection poses greater challenge and requires special care.
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Munshi, A., Munshi, S. (2016). HIV in Critical Pregnancy. In: Gandhi, A., Malhotra, N., Malhotra, J., Gupta, N., Bora, N. (eds) Principles of Critical Care in Obstetrics. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2686-4_17
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2686-4_17
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