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Optimizing Factors Affecting Somatic Embryogenesis in Cineraria

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Somatic Embryogenesis in Ornamentals and Its Applications

Abstract

We established a reproducible protocol for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration of cineraria. 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) had a significant effect on somatic embryo formation. Addition of cytokinins such as 2-isopentenyladenine (2-iP), 6-benzyladenine (BA), and thidiazuron (TDZ) to the 2,4-D containing medium enhanced the frequency of somatic embryo induction and average number of somatic embryos per explant. However, the nature of SE varied depending on combination of 2,4-D and cytokinins. Cotyledon and leaf explants developed somatic embryos on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3.0 mg l−1 2,4-D and 1.0 mg l−1 BA. Among the two explants, leaves were found to be the most effective for somatic embryogenesis and subsequent plant regeneration. Most of the embryos developed from the cotyledon explants showed precocious germination. Furthermore, somatic embryos obtained from the cotyledon explants developed hyperhydric shoots. Thus, induction and development of SE in cineraria is also affected by the age of the explants. Globular embryos developed into normal plantlets through heart, torpedo, and cotyledonary stages, similar to zygotic embryos, when cultured on MS medium supplemented with gibberellic acid (GA3). The in vitro-developed plantlets were successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse with 98 % survival.

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Author notes

  1. Iyyakkannu Sivanesan

    Present address: Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 1, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143 701, Republic of Korea

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Department of Horticulture, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660 701, Republic of Korea

    Byoung Ryong Jeong

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  1. Iyyakkannu Sivanesan
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Correspondence to Iyyakkannu Sivanesan .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Hamdard University, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    A. Mujib

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Sivanesan, I., Jeong, B.R. (2016). Optimizing Factors Affecting Somatic Embryogenesis in Cineraria. In: Mujib, A. (eds) Somatic Embryogenesis in Ornamentals and Its Applications. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2683-3_4

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