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Abstract

Among the two commercially cultivated coffee varieties, Coffea arabica L. (arabica coffee) and C. canephora Pierre ex Froehner (robusta coffee), the latter is more prone to attack by mealybugs since this variety is grown in more open conditions and at lower elevations. Over 50 species of scales and mealybugs are reported to attack various parts of the coffee tree – roots, branches, leaves, flower clusters and berries where they suck the sap and are of great economic importance (Wrigley 1988). Planococcus kenyae (Le Pelley), popularly known as coffee mealybug, is distributed in Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya (Bigger 2009). The two most commonly encountered mealybugs on coffee in India are Planococcus citri Risso (Coleman and Kannan 1918; Ayyar 1940) and P. lilacinus Ckll. (Sekhar 1964; Bhat and Shamanna 1972). Ferrisia virgata Ckll. has also been recorded (Chacko and Bhat 1976). They attack both robusta and arabica but prefer the former. Planococcus ficus and P. minor have been recorded on coffee as minor pests. The mealybugs, P. citri and P. lilacinus, are distributed throughout the coffee tracts of India and can be noticed quite often during the summer months. Planococcus lilacinus is predominantly found in Kodagu district of Karnataka state, while P. lilacinus and P. citri are found in equal proportion in Wayanad district of Kerala state in India (Abdul Rahiman et al. 1995). In Wayanad district of Kerala, the population of P. citri was higher in all the zones compared to P. lilacinus (Abdul Rahiman and Naik 2009b). For P. lilacinus, several collateral hosts have been recorded, which can aid in the survival of the mealybug even if adequate measures are adopted to control them on coffee (Bhat and Shamanna 1972) (Table 70.1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Central Coffee Research Institute, Chikmagalur, 577117, Karnataka, India

    P. K. Vinod Kumar, G. V. Manjunath Reddy, H. G. Seetharama & M. M. Balakrishnan

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  1. P. K. Vinod Kumar
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  2. G. V. Manjunath Reddy
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  3. H. G. Seetharama
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  4. M. M. Balakrishnan
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Correspondence to P. K. Vinod Kumar .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. of Horticultural Research, Indian Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    M. Mani

  2. Indian Institute of Horticultural Resear, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    C. Shivaraju

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Kumar, P.K.V., Reddy, G.V.M., Seetharama, H.G., Balakrishnan, M.M. (2016). Coffee. In: Mani, M., Shivaraju, C. (eds) Mealybugs and their Management in Agricultural and Horticultural crops . Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2677-2_70

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