Abstract
Mealybugs are highly injurious to custard apple in India, Australia and Caribbean islands. Fruits are completely covered with mealybugs. When the population explodes, the mealybugs are seen on the trunk and leaves but rarely. They cover the entire fruit reducing the market value. Severe mealybug infestation causes heavy economic losses. In peninsular India, mealybug population started appearing in the last week of May and continued up to November. Peak infestation coincided with fruiting phase. The Australian ladybird beetle Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant is highly polyphagous known to prey on many species of mealybug species on custard apple. Leptomastix dactylopii has provided excellent control of Planococus citri.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Babu TR, Azam KM (1987) Studies on biology, host spectrum and seasonal population fluctuation of the mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) on grapevine. Indian J Hortic 44(3–4):284–288
Beardsley JW (1986) Taxonomic notes on Pseudococcus elisae Borchsenius, a mealybug new to the Hawaiian Fauna (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Proc Hawaiian Entomol Soc 26:31–34
Ben-Dov Y (1994) A systematic catalogue of the mealybugs of the world (Insecta: Homoptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae and Putoidae) with data on geographical distribution, host plants, biology and economic importance. Intercept Limited, Andover, 686 p
Dorge SK, Murti TK (1970) Control of mealybugs (Ferrisiana virgata Ckll.) on custard apple with modern insecticides in Maharashtra State. Plant Prot Bull India 22(3):40–47
Hodges AC, Hodges GS, Wisler GC (2005) Exotic scale insects (Hemiptera: coccoidea) and whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Florida tropical fruits; an example of vital role early detection in pest prevention and management. Proc Fla State Hortic Soc 118:215–217
Jayaraj J, Ananthan M (2009) Managing mealybug menace in custard apple. Hindu, Thursday, 03 Sept 2009
Kairo MTK, Poolard GV, Pterkin DD, Lopez VF (2000) Biological control of the hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in the Caribbean. Integr Pest Manag Rev 5:241–254
Mani M, Krishnamoorthy A (1989) Occurrence of mealybugs and their natural enemies on custard apple around Bangalore, S. India. J Biol Control 3(1):77
Mani M, Krishnamoorthy A (2007) Field efficacy of Australian ladybird beetle, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri in the suppression of mealybugs on custard apple. Indian J Plant Prot 35:217–219
Mani M, Krishnamoorthy A, Gangavisalakshi PN (2007) Natural parasitisation by the exotic parasitoid, Leptomastix dactylopii Howard on Planococcus citri on custard apple. J Biol Control 21:157–158
Meyerdirk DE, Kauffman WC (2001) Status on the development of a biological control program for Paracoccus marginatus Williams, papaya mealybug, in the Caribbean. Paper presented at IV International Scientific Seminar of Plant Health, Veradero, Cuba, 10–15 June 2001 (abstract)
Murray DAH (1978) Population studies of the citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso) and its natural enemies on passion-fruit in south-eastern Queensland. Qld J Agric Animal Sci 35:139–142
Murray DAH (1982) Efficacy of sticky banding of custard apple tree trunks on ants and citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso) (Pseudococcidae: Hemiptera) in south east Queensland. Qld J Agric Animal Sci 39:141–146
Murthy GR, Babu TR (1996) Seasonal fluctuation of mealybug on custard apple and grape. J Res ANGRAU 24:87–91
Savaliya SD, Butani PG, Gedia MV, Prasad TV (2008) The bionomics of the striped mealy bug F. virgata, a major pest of custard apple. Ann Plant Prot Sci 16(2):389–392
Shukla RP, Tandon PL (1984a) Use of insecticides for the control of Planococcus pacificus Cox, a mealy bug on custard apple. Entomon 9(3):181–183
Shukla RP, Tandon PL (1984b) Insect pests on custard apple. F.A.O. Plant protection. Bulletin 32:31
Shylesha AN (2013) Host range of invasive Jack Beardsley Pseudococcus jackbeardsley Gimpal and Miller in Karanataka. Pest Manage Hortic Ecosyst 19(1):106–107
Smith D (1991) The use of Leptomastix dactylopii Howard (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) to control Planococcus citri (Risso) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in custard apples in Queensland. Gen Appl Entomol 23:3–8
Williams DJ (2004) Mealybugs of southern Asia. The Natural History Museum/Southdene SDN. BHD, London/Kuala Lumpur, 896 p
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer India
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mani, M. (2016). Fruit Crops: Custard Apple. In: Mani, M., Shivaraju, C. (eds) Mealybugs and their Management in Agricultural and Horticultural crops . Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2677-2_49
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2677-2_49
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New Delhi
Print ISBN: 978-81-322-2675-8
Online ISBN: 978-81-322-2677-2
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)