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Metabolic Engineering of Compatible Solute Trehalose for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

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Osmolytes and Plants Acclimation to Changing Environment: Emerging Omics Technologies

Abstract

It is estimated that by 2050 the world population will reach 9.1 billion, but the production of agricultural products is the same. In order to feed the whole population, global agricultural production should be increased by 60–110 %, and to feed the additional 2.3 billion population, 70 % more food should be grown to fulfill the demand. Due to abiotic stresses, agricultural production is lowered, so now abiotic stresses are a foremost area of concern to fulfill the required food demand. The major abiotic stresses which threaten the food security worldwide are high salinity, drought, submerge tolerance, and cold. To produce stress-tolerant crops, genetic engineering of stress-signaling pathway is one of the main goals of agricultural research. In recent years, biotechnologist is trying to develop a new abiotic stress-tolerant variety by engineering a trehalose metabolism in crops which can have a substantial impact on worldwide food production. Trehalose, a nonreducing disaccharide, has tremendous effects in abiotic stress tolerance and metabolic regulation in a wide range of organisms. Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP are two key enzymes which help in the biosynthesis of plants. Trehalose is an uncommon sugar present in bacteria, fungi, and desiccation-tolerant higher plants and has exceptional capacities to protect biomolecules by stabilizing dry biological membrane and proteins from environmental stress. It has a multiple function and some of them are species specific. Many research groups showed that there is a linkage between trehalose and abiotic stress by conducting different experiments. They introduced trehalose biosynthetic genes to develop stress tolerance line in important crops like rice, tomato, and potato. Here, in this review, we discuss occurrence, characters, chemical and biological characteristics, uses, pathways, and successful examples in crop plants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, 39762, USA

    Saroj Kumar Sah

  2. School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 001, India

    Gurwinder Kaur

  3. Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, JK, India

    Shabir H. Wani

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  2. Gurwinder Kaur
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Correspondence to Shabir H. Wani .

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  1. Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Noushina Iqbal

  2. Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Rahat Nazar

  3. Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Nafees A. Khan

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Sah, S.K., Kaur, G., Wani, S.H. (2016). Metabolic Engineering of Compatible Solute Trehalose for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants. In: Iqbal, N., Nazar, R., A. Khan, N. (eds) Osmolytes and Plants Acclimation to Changing Environment: Emerging Omics Technologies. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2616-1_6

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