Indian Energy Security and the Role of Renewables: Possibility of Cooperation with the EU

Abstract

At this stage of modernization, India is vulnerable due to insufficient energy resources. Accelerated growth has also forced India to synchronize its energy security issues within its foreign and security policy. India is seriously perusing nuclear energy option as well as import sources beyond the Middle-East. Bilateral nuclear agreements (with US, France, Russia and Canada) as well as consistent engagements with the countries of Eurasia, Africa and Latin America could be seen from this perspective. In the past, external energy policy meant securing reliable supplies from the Gulf. More recently it included multiple strategies of diversification, acquiring assets abroad and pipeline politics. Although from a very small base, India has improved its renewable energy capacity and the government has set very ambitious targets. Apart from small hydro projects, at the moment this sector is facing various problems due to high cost, connectivity infrastructure and land issues. Despite different levels of development, both India and Europe are facing some similar challenges related to their energy security. It appears that somehow India and Europe have different views on global norms concerning energy security and environment. This has been reflected in recently during global negotiations concerning climate change and environment. However, on renewable, there is a clear possibility of cooperation. As many European countries have significantly increased their renewable energy consumption, India could clearly benefit through technology transfer and creating mechanisms for switching towards renewable. This is also an area where European policy makers seems committed to help developing countries. As a strategic partner of the EU, India should take advantage of these emerging opportunities through exiting energy dialogue.