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Hydrogels Nanocomposites Based on Crystals, Whiskers and Fibrils Derived from Biopolymers

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Eco-friendly Polymer Nanocomposites

Part of the book series: Advanced Structured Materials ((STRUCTMAT,volume 74))

Abstract

The advent of nanotechnology has provided new insights of applications of well-known materials due to the exceptional properties owing to the nanoscale. As an example, nanocomposites based on polymer matrix and nanoscale fillers have appeared as good candidates in a broad range of applications. Such scenery can be credited to the use of new and multifunctional fillers that provide distinct and substantial features to the nanocomposites. Recent trends on the nanocomposites field show that crystalline biopolymers , such as cellulose, chitin, and starch, are an excellent source of fillers, especially nanocrystals like fibrils , whiskers , and platelets. The incorporation of such fillers in different matrices (e.g., crosslinked polymeric network) has demonstrated outstanding improvement of several properties, such as mechanical, water uptake capacity, thermal, optical, etc. Furthermore, crystals , fibrils and whiskers can induce desirable properties in the final materials (e.g., solute retention or release, crystallinity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, antibacterial activity, etc.). This chapter condenses the relevant works regarding the preparation of polysaccharide-based crystals, whiskers, and fibrils, their application in the development of hydrogel nanocomposites as well as the future trends of this area.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, P.O. Box 354, 96160-000, Brazil

    André R. Fajardo

  2. Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Estrada para Boa Esperança, Dois Vizinhos, PR, 85660-000, Brazil

    Antonio G. B. Pereira

  3. Grupo de Materiais Poliméricos e Compósitos (GMPC), Maringá State University, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil

    Edvani C. Muniz

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  1. André R. Fajardo
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  2. Antonio G. B. Pereira
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  3. Edvani C. Muniz
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Correspondence to André R. Fajardo .

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  1. Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA

    Vijay Kumar Thakur

  2. Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Manju Kumari Thakur

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Fajardo, A.R., Pereira, A.G.B., Muniz, E.C. (2015). Hydrogels Nanocomposites Based on Crystals, Whiskers and Fibrils Derived from Biopolymers. In: Thakur, V., Thakur, M. (eds) Eco-friendly Polymer Nanocomposites. Advanced Structured Materials, vol 74. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2473-0_2

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