Serious Disorders of Childhood and Treatments

Abstract

The serious disorders described with detailed list of symptoms are facial palsy, polio, encephalitis, epilepsy, dehydration, diarrhoea, respiratory infections, rabies, vitamin B deficiency, Koh’s abdomen, impetigo and Indian childhood cirrhosis. But these are named after supernatural beings or grahas who seize the children. These disorders are treated with medicine but the mainstay of the treatment is pacification of the grahas through prescribed rituals and offerings.

Appendix

Index to Sanskrit names of plants and drugs used in ayurveda and their equivalents in Hindi, English and Latin

Sanskrit	Hindi	English	Latin
Abhaya	Harra	Chebulic Myrobalan	Terminalia chebula Rets
Abhiru	Shatawar Shatamuli	Wild asparagus	Asaeragus racemoses willd
Agragrahi, Akarakarabhah	Akarakara	Pellitory	Anacyclus pvrenthrum DC
Ajamoda	Ajamoda	Ajowan	Trachvspermum roxburghaianum (DC) Craib
Akararabhah	Akarakara	Pellitory	Anacylus pyrethrum DC
Akshah	Baheda	Belliric Myrobalan	Terminalia bellrica (gaertn.) Roxb
Amalaki, Dharti	Arnala	Emblic Myrobalan Indian Gooseberry	Phyllanthus emblica Linn
Amlika	Imli	Tamarind	Tamarindus indica L.
Amra/Amrah	Am, Amb	Mango Tree	Mangifera indica L.
Ananta	Magrabu, Anantamul	Indian Sarsaparilla, Country Sarsaparilla	Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br.
Araguadah, Argvadhah, Aragwadhah	Amaltas, Girimala Amalatas	Indian Laburnum Purging Fistula	Cassia fistula L.
Aranyaharidra (Vanaharidra)	Banaharidra Jangli-haldi	Wild Turmeric, Cochin Yellow Zedoary	Curcuma aromatica-Salisb
Arka	Madar	Gigantic Swallow, Mudar	Calotropis gigantea (L.) R. Br.
Ashokah	Ashoka	Ashoka	Saraca asoca (Roxb.) de Wilde
Ashvagandha	Asagandha	Winter Cherry	Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal
Ata	Murva		Chonemorpha fragrans (Moon) Alston
Atasi	Alsi, Tisi	Linseed, Flax Plant, Common Flox	Linum usitatissimum L.
Ativisha	Ativisha (Atisa)	Atis Root	Aconitum heterophylum Wall. Exroyle
Bala	Bala	–	Sida cordifolia
Balamula Jangalimedhi	Kharaiti	The Root of Bala	Sida rhombifolia L. Ssp. Retusa (L.) Borssum
Banah Banaphunkhah	Sarphomoko Sarafonka	Wild Indigo Purple Tephrosia	Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers.
Barburah	Babul, Babur	Black Babool, Indian Gum Arabic Tree, Gum Acacia	Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd ex. Del.
Bel	Vilvah, Shivadrumah Shrophalah	Bael Tree, Holy Fruit Tree	Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr
Bharangi (also called Kharashakah)	Bharangi	–	Clerodendron siphonanthus
Bilva	Vilvah, Shivadrumah, Shriphalah	Bael Tree, Holy Fruit Tree	Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr
Brahmi, Sarasvati Andri	Barami	Thyme Leaved Gratiola	Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell
Chandanam	Chandan	Sandal	Santalum album L.
Chandrasura	Ahaleeva	Water Cress	Lepidium sativum L.; N.O. Cruciferae
Charmasahva, Saptala	Satala	Soapnut Acacia	Acacia sinuata (Lour.) Merr
Chavya	Chavya	Wild pepper	Piper brachy Stachyum Wall
Chichinadah, Svadupatolam	Patol (Parawal)	Snake Gourd	Trichosanthes cucumerina L.
Chincha	Imli	Tamarind	Tamarindus indica L.
Chipitaka	–	Poisonous nux vomica	Strynox nux vomica
Chocham	Dalchini	Cinnamon	Cinnamomum verum Presl
Choroka	Churota	–	Gyanandlopsis gynandra Briq
Chunnam, Sudha, Sudhakshara	Chuna	Burnt Lime/Quick Lime/Caustic Lime	Calcium oxide/Calx/Lime ko
Chutah	Aam	Mango	Manginefera indica L.
Dadima moola twak	Anar	Pomegranate	Punica granatum L.
Daruharidra	Daruhaldi	Tree Turmeric, False Calumba	Coscinium fenestratum (Gaertn.) Colebr
Darulawana	Yavakshar, Javakhar	Impure or Factitious Carbonate of Potash, Impure Potash Carbonate
Darusita	Dalchini	Cinnamon	Cinnamomum verum Presl
Devakusumam	Lavang, Laung	Clove Tree, Cloves	Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merrill & Perry
Dhanya	Dhan, Chaval	Rice, Paddy	Oryza sativa Linn
Dhanyakam	Dhania	Coriander	Coriandrum sativum
Dharti	Amala	Emblic Myrobalan, Indian Gooseberry	Phyllanthus emblica L.
Dhataki, Madaniyahetus	Davi, Tavi, Dhay	Fire Flame Bush, Shiranjitea, Wood Fordia	Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz
Dhatturah Dhusturah	Dhattura/Kala Dhattura	Thorn Apple	Datura metel L.
Draksha, Mridvika	Munakka	Grapes	Vitis vinifera
Ela	Choti Elaichi	Cardamom	Eletaria cardamomum
Ela, Trutih	Elaichi	Cardamom	Eletaria cardamomum Maton
Eranda, Panchangulah	Erandi, Erand	Castor Plant, Castor Oil Plant	Ricinus communis L.
Gairika	Geru, Chikmimati	China Clay	Kaolinum
Gatashokah	Ashoka	Ashoka	Saraca asoca (Roxb.) de Wilde
Gaurajiraka	Jeera	Cumin	Cuminum cyminum L.
Geru		Iron Oxide, Red Oxide
Ghritam	Ghee	Clarified Butter (Ghee)
Golomi	Bach	Sweet Flag	Acorous Calamus L.
Gopimulam	Magrabu, Anantamul	Indian Sarsaparilla, Country Sarsaparilla	Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br.
Gudah	Gur, Gud	Treacle, Molasses, Jaggery	Saccharum officinarum L.
Haridra, Varavarnni	Haldi	Turmeric	Curcuma longa L.
Haritaki, Pathya	Harda	Chebulic Myrobalan	Terminalia chebu la Retz
Hingu	Hing	Asafoetida	Ferula asafoetida L.
Indrayava, Kalingabija	Indrajou	Kurchi seed, Conessi or Tellicherry	Holarrhena pubescens (Buch. Ham) Wallich ex Don
Jaipatri	Jatipatri	Mace	Myristica pragrans Houtt
Jambuh	Jaman ke Patte	Leaves of Jaman, Jambolan, Black Plum	Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels
Jambuh	Lodh	Jaman, Jamb Lan, Black Plum	Syzygium cumini (Linn.) Skeels
Jatamamsi, Mamsi	Jatamamsi, Jatalasi	Spikenard, Indian Nard, Must Root	Nardostachys gradiflora DC
Javitri	Jatipatri	Mace	Myristica fragrans Houtt
Jiraka, Gaurajiraka	Jeera	Cumin	Cuminum cyminum Linn
Kalingabija	Indrajou	Kurchi seed, Conessi or Tellicherry	Holarrhena pubescens (Buch. Ham) Wallich ex Don
Kantakari	Remgani, Kateli, Kattaya	Yellow-berried Night Shade	Solanum surattense Burm. F.
Karkatashringi Karkata	Kakadasingi	–	Pistacia chinensis bunge Ssp. Integerrirna (Stewart)
Karpuram, Paccha Karpuram	Karpuri	Camphor	Cinnamornum
Karpuravalli	Patta Ajwain	Country Borage, Indian Borage	Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng
Katuka/Katvi/Katurohini	Katuka/Kurui/Kutki	–	Picrorhiza scrophulariflora (P. Kurroa auct. non Royle) Pennell
Karpuravalli	Sugandhavala (Patta Ajavayan)	Country Borage, Indian Borage	Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng
Kesar	Nagakesar	Saffron	Mesna nagassarium (Bum. f) Kosterm
Khadira	Khair	Gum Acacia	Acacia catechu (Lf) Wild
Khandam, Khandasita	Khand	Sugar Candy	Saccharum officinarum L.
Kharasakhah	Bharangi		Clerodendron siphonanthus
Krishnajeeraka	Kalajira/Kalomji/Kantakrej/Kantikaranja	Fevernut, Bonduc Nut	Caesapinia bonduc (L) Roxb
Krishnajeeraka	Kalazira	Caraway	Carun Carvi L
Krtamala	Amaltas, Girimala	Indian La Burnum Purging Fistula	Cassia fistula L.
Kshirachampaka, Shweta Champak	Chameli, Golenchi, Gopurchamp	Pogodo Tree	Plumeria rubra L.
Kushthah	Kuth	Kuth, Costus	Saussurea lappa C.B. Clarke
Lakshmana	Bankalmi	–	Ipomea Sepiaria Roxb
Lakshmana	Viparita Lajjalu	Sensitive Plant	Biophytum Sensitum L.
Lavangam	Lavang, Laung	Clove Tree, Cloves	Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Metrrill & Perry.
Madaniyahetu	Davi Tavi Dhay	Fire Flame Bush Wood Forida	Woodfordia fruitcosa (L.) Kurz
Madhu	Madhu, Shahad	Honey	Mel
Madhurika	Saumph	Fennel	Foeniculum Vulgare Mill
Magadhi	Pipal, Piplie	Indian Long Pepper, Long Pepper	Piper longum L.
Mamsi	Jatamamsi, Jatalasi	Spikenard, Indian Nard, Must Root	Nardostachys gradiflora DC
Mandukaparni	Brahmi	Indian Pennywort	Centella asiatica (L.) Urban (Hydrocotyle asiatica L.)
Mandukapari, Manduki	Brahmamanduki, Bemgsag	Indian Pennywort	Centella asiatica (L.) Urban
Manjishta, Yojanavalli	Mamjith, Majith	Indian Madder	Rubia cordifolia L.
Misreya	Saumph	Fennel	Foeniculum vulgare Mill
Maricha	Kali Mirch	Black Pepper, Pepper, Common Pepper	Piper nigrum Linn
Maricha	Mircha	Pepper
Matsyandika	Gur, Gud	Treacle, Molasses Jaggery	Saccharum officinarum L.
Matulungah	Baranimbu, Bijaura	Citron	Citrus medica L.
Mulaka	Muli	Radish	Raphanus sativus L.
Murva Morata	Murva ki Jada	–	Chonemorpha fragrans (Moon) Alston
Musta, Mustaka	Nagarmotha	Nut Grass	Cyperus rotundus L.
Nagapushpa, Nagakesharah	Nagakeshara	Mesua, Iron-wood Tree	Mesua nagassarium (Burm. F.) Kosterm
Nandivrkshah	Chandani	East Indian Rosebay	Tabemaemontana Divaricata L.
Narikela	Narial	Coconut	Cocos nucifera L.
Navaneet	Makkhan	Butter
Nidigdhika	Remangi, Kateli, Kattaya	Yellow-berried Night Shade	Solanum surattense Burm f.
Nimbah, Prabhadrah	Neem ki Cchal	The Bark of Neem Tree	Margosa tree, Indian Lilac Azadirachta indica A. Juss
Nirgundi	Samhalu, Soubhalu, Nirgandi	Five Leaved Chaste Tree	Vitex negundo Linn
Nisha	Haldi	Turmeric	Curcuma longa L.
Pacha Karpuram	Karpuri	Camphor	Cinamum camphora
Padmagandhi	Padmak, Patrnakah	Himalayan Wild Cherry, Bird Cherry	Prunus cerasoides D. Don
Padmakah, Padmagandhi	Padmak, Patrnakath	Himalayan Wild Cherry, Bird Cherry	Prunus cerasoides D. Don
Palandu	Piyaja	Onion	Allium cepa L.
Palashah, Palaksh	Palasha (Dhak) ki Jad	Flame of the Forest, Bastard Teak	Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub
Palankash	Guggalu	Indian Bdellium	Commiphora Wighlii (Am) Bhad
Palinidi Shyamala	Kalidhudhi, Dudhi	Black Creeper	Ichnocarpus frutescens R. Br.
Panchangulah	Erandi, Erand, Eranda	Castor Plant, Castor Oil	Ricinus communis L.
Parpatah, Parpatakah	Pittapapada, Pittapapda	–	Fumaria indica (Hassk) Pugley or Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lam
Pippali	Pipal ke Chaval	Seeds of Indian Long Pepper
Priyalah	Chirounji	Almondette	Buchania latifolia
Pudina, Putiha	Pudina	Peppermint	Mentha arvensis L.
Rajika	Sarson, Rayi	Indian Mustard	Brassicajuncea Czem & Coss
Ralah	Ral	The Resin of Indian Dammer	Shorea robusta Gaertn. F.
Rasanjanam	Rasouta	Rasot	Berberis aristata
Rasna, Sugandhamula	Rasna	Greater Galangal, Java Galangal	Alpinia galanga (Linn.) Willd
Rasona	Lahasun	Garlic	Allium sativum L
Saindhava Lavana	Sendha Namak	Rock Salt	Sodium chloride Impura
Sajikakashara	SaffKhar	Soda Carbonate	Sodium chloride Impura
Saptala, Charmasahva	Satala ki Chhal	Soapnut—Acacia	Acacia sinuata (Lour.) Merr
Sarasvati	Barami	Thyme Leaved Gratiola	Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell
Saribha	Magrabu, Anantamul	Indian Sarsaparilla, Country Sarsaparilla	Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br.
Sariva	Anantarul	Indian Sarsaparilla	Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br.
Sariva	Kalidudhi, Dudhi	Black Creeper	Ichnocarpus frutescens R. Br.
Sarjah, Sarjarasa, Sajakarnah	Saphed Damrnar, Kahruba	Indian Copal Tree, Piney Varish Tree, White Dammar	Vateria indica L.
Sarpunkhah	Sarphomoko	Wild lndigo Purple	Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers
Sarshapah Rajika	Sarson, Rayi	Indian Mustard	Brassica juncea Czern. & Coss
Sevya	Khas	Vetiver, Khas-Khas, Khus-Khus	Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Wight
Shalaparni	Shalaparni		Pseudarthria viscida (L.) Wight & Arn
Shalaparni	Serivan	Unifoliate Ticktree Foil	Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC
Shali	Dhan, Chaval	Rice, Paddy	Oryza sativa L.
Shatavan	Shankha Bhasma	Conch Shell Ash, Silicate of Magnesia	Tubinella rap a or Xanchus pyrum Gastro or Poda
Shankhapushpi	Shankhapushpi	Canscora	Canscora decussata (Roxb.) Schult
Shankhabhasma	Shankhabhasma	Conch Shell Ash, Silicate of Magnesia	Tubinella rapa Xanchus pyrum Gastro Poda
Sharapunkha	Sarafonka	Wild Indigo/Purple Tephrosia	Tephrosia perpuria Li. Perse
Shivadrumah	Belagiri	Bael Tree, Holy Fruit Tree	Fruit of Aegle marmllos (L.) Corr
Shriphala	Belagiri	Bael Tree, Holy Fruit Tree	Fruit of Aegle marmllos (L.) Corr
Shatapushpa	Soya	Dill, Garden Dill, Anet	Anethum graveolens L.
Shunti, Vishvabheshajam	Sontha	Dry Ginger (Root)	Zongiber officinale Rose
Shweta Champaka	Chameli, Golenchi, Gopurchamp	Pogoda Tree	Plumeria L. Tubra L.
Sirphal	Vilvah, Shivadrumah, Shrithalah	Bael tree, Holy Fruit Tree	Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr
Sugandhamula	Rasna	Greater Galangal, Java Galangal	Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd
Sugandhavalakam	Sugandhabala, Patta Ajavayan	Country Borage, Indian Borage	Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng
Sugandhi	Magarabu Anantamul	Indian Sarsaparilla, Country Sarsaparilla	Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br.
Sugandi Mullah	Khas	Vetiver, Khas-khas, Khus-Khus	Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash
Surasah	Kala Tulsi	Holy Basil, Sacred Basil	Ocimum tenuiforum L.
Svadupatolam	Patol, Parawl	Snake Gourd	Trichosanthes cucumerina L.
Svarnapatri	Hindisana	Senna	Cassia senna L.
Talsapatrarn	Talisapatra	East Himalayan Silver Fir	Abies spectabilis (D.Don.) Mirb
Tarnal Patram Nees	Tejpat	Indian Cassia Lingea, Cassia Cinnamon	Cinnamomum tamala (Buch. Ham.)
Tambul	Pan	Betel Leaf	Piper Betle L.
Tanduliyah	Kateli ke Phool ki Kesar	Stemens of Prickly Amaranth	Amaranthus spinosus L.
Tankana	Suhaga	Borax
Tilah	Til	Sesame, Gingelly	Sesamum indicum L.
Tindukah	Tinduka (Tendu)	Gaub Persimon Indian Persirnon	Diospyros malabarica (Desr.) Kostel
Tinduki
Trivrit	Kali Nisota	Stem of lndian Jalap, Turpeth	Oper culina turpethum (L.) Silva Manso
Trutih	Elaichi	Cardamom	Elettaria cardamomum Maton
Tulasi	Kala Tulsi	Holy Basil, Sacred Basil	Ocimum tenuiflorum L.
Tvak	Dalchini	Cinnamon	Cinnamomum verum Presl
Ugragandha	Saphed Bacha, Bacch, Gorbacch	Sweet Flag	Acorus calamus L.
Ulpala Sariva	Kalidudhi, Dudhi	Black Creeper	Ichnocarpus frutescens R. Br.
Urihi	Dhan, Chaval	Rice, Paddy	Orysa sativa L.
Ushirah	Khas	Vetiver, Khas-Khas, Khus-Khus	Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash.
Vacha	Saphed Bacha, Gorbacch	Sweet Flag	Acorus calamus L.
Vamsarochana	Bansalochana	Bamboo Manna	Bambusa arundinacea (Retz.) Willd
Varahakarni	Asagandha	Winter Cherry	Withania sornnifera (L.) Dunai
Varavarnini	Haldi	Turmeric	Curcuma longa L.
Vasa	Arusha	Malabar Nut	Justicia adhatoda L.
Vasha	Adusa	–	Justicia beddomei (Clarke) Bennet
Vavari	Babul, Babur	Black Babool, Indian Gum Arabic Tree, Gum Acacia	Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Del.
Vellah	Vayuvidanga, Vayvidamg, Bhabhiramg	Embelia	Embelia ries Burm. F.
Vibhitakah	Baheda	Belliric Myrobalan	Terminalia be II irica (Gaertn.) Roxb
Vidangah, Vidangam	Vayuvidanga, Vayvidamg, Bhabhiramg	Embelia	Embelia ries Bunn. F.
Vilvah, Shivadrumah	Belagiri	Bael Tree, Holy Fruit Tree	Fruit of Aegle marmalos (L.) Corr.
Vishamushtih	Vishadodi	Goat Weed, Appa Grass	Ageratum conyzoides L.
Vishvabheshajam	Sontha	Dry Ginger (Root)	Zingiber officinale Rosc
Vrishi	Dhan	Paddy, Rice	Oryza sativa L.
Yashthi Madhu	Mulaithi	–	Glycyrrihiza glabra L.
Yavah	Jav, Jau	Barley	Hordeum vulgare L.
Yavani	Ajwen, Ajumd, Ajovan, Randhuni	Ajowan, Carum, Bishop’s Weed	Trachyspennum ammi (L.) Sprange
Yavakshara	Shora, Sora, Shorakhar		Saltpetre, Nitre, Potassii Carbonas Impura, Potassium Carbonate, Nitrate of Potash, Purified Nitre
Yojanavalli	Mamjith, Majith	Indian Madder	Rubia cordifolia L.

1. Source Kapur and Mukundan (2002)