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Mapping Populations

  • Chapter
Marker-Assisted Plant Breeding: Principles and Practices

Abstract

The development of molecular marker technology has generated renewed interest in linkage mapping. An appropriate mapping population, a suitable marker system, and a robust computer software for analyses of marker genotype and trait phenotype data are the basic requirements for a successful mapping project. Mapping populations are usually obtained from controlled crosses between two, sometimes more, parents. The decisions on the selection of parents and mating design used for the development of a mapping population depend mainly on the objectives of the study. The parents of mapping populations must have sufficient variation for the traits of interest at both the DNA sequence and the phenotype level. The more is the extent of DNA sequence variation, the greater is the chance of finding polymorphic makers. When the objective is to search for genes controlling a particular trait, genetic variation for the target trait between the selected parents is important. Thus, the selection of parents for developing the mapping populations is critical to successful linkage map construction. Consideration must be given to the source of parents (adapted vs unadapted/exotic), and even related species may be used as parents. This chapter deals with the development and the relevant characteristics of the different types of mapping populations used for linkage mapping, including F 2, F 2-derived F 3 (F 2:F 3), backcross inbred lines (BILs), doubled haploids (DHs), recombinant inbred lines (RILs), near-isogenic lines (NILs), chromosomal segment substitution lines (CSSLs), multi-parent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC), nested association mapping (NAM), etc. In addition, the issues of segregation ratios in different mapping populations, the size of mapping population, etc. are also discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India

    B. D. Singh

  2. Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    A. K. Singh

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  1. B. D. Singh
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Singh, B.D., Singh, A.K. (2015). Mapping Populations. In: Marker-Assisted Plant Breeding: Principles and Practices. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2316-0_5

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