Skip to main content

Skimming and Scrutinizing: Quantifying Two Basic Patterns of Visual Behavior in Design

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies ((SIST,volume 34))

Abstract

In design research recently an increasing number of eye tracking experiments have been conducted. The evaluation of the recorded data usually bases on analyzing a set of individual scan paths. In order to gain more value from the data and thus, to better explain human behavior in design, the authors proposed a differentiation of two basic scan path patterns. The first, skimming, is applied when a person wants to get an overview of a visual stimulus, while the second, scrutinizing, indicates that a person tries to understand its details. Although these patterns of visual behavior describe basically different cognitive processes, their differentiation still bases on personal judgment. This paper presents the results of an investigation that aimed to quantify the patterns of skimming and scrutinizing. It introduces an algorithm that, based on numerical criteria, allows an automated detection of both skimming and scrutinizing sequences in eye tracking data.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Holmqvist, K., Nyström, M., Andersson, R., Dewhurst, R., Jarodzka, H., van de Weijer, J.: Eye tracking: a comprehensive guide to methods and measures. Oxford University Press, New York (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Lohmeyer, Q., Mussgnug, M., Matthiesen, S., Meboldt, M.: Analysing visual behaviour in engineering design by eye tracking experiments. In: International Symposium on Tools and Methods of Competitive Engineering (TMCE 2014), Budapest, Hungary (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Buswell, G.T.: How People Look at Pictures. Chicago Press, Chicago (1935)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Groner, R., Walder, F., Groner, M.: Looking at faces: local and global aspects of scanpaths. Theor. Appl. Aspects Eye Mov. Res. 22(9), 523–533 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Leibowitz, H.W., Shupert, C.L. Post, R.B.: The two modes of visual processing: implications for spatial orientation. NASA PVHD Conference 1983. Edwards, CA (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Duggan, G.B., Payne, S.J.: Skim reading by satisfying: evidence from eye tracking. In: ASM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI 2011), Vancouver (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Sharma, S.Y., Chakravarthy, B.K.: How people view abstract art: an eye movement study to assess information processing and viewing strategy. In: International Conference on Research into Design (ICoRD’13), Bangalore (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Unema, P.J.A., Pannasch, S., Joos, M., Velichkovsky, B.M.: Time course of information processing during scene perception: the relation between saccade amplitude and fixation duration. Vis. Cogn. 12(3), 473–494 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Fuge, M.D., Kara, L.B.: A testing method and cognitive model of human diagram understanding for automated design sketch recognition. In: ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences (IDETC 2009), San Diego (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Cölln, M.C., Kusch, K., Helmert, J.R., Kohler, P., Velichkovsky, B.M., Pannasch, S.: Comparing two types of engineering visualizations: task-related manipulations matter. Appl. Ergon. 43(1), 48–56 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Lohmeyer, Q., Matthiesen, S., Meboldt, M.: Task-dependent visual behaviour of engineering designers: an eye tracking experiment. In: International Design Conference (DESIGN 2014), Dubrovnik (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Ognjanovic, S., Lohmeyer, Q., Hölscher, C., Meboldt, M.:Visual behavior in task-driven reading of engineering drawings. In: International Conference on Human Behavior in Design (HBiD 2014), Ascona (2014)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Quentin Lohmeyer .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer India

About this paper

Cite this paper

Lohmeyer, Q., Mussgnug, M., Meboldt, M. (2015). Skimming and Scrutinizing: Quantifying Two Basic Patterns of Visual Behavior in Design. In: Chakrabarti, A. (eds) ICoRD’15 – Research into Design Across Boundaries Volume 1. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol 34. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2232-3_42

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2232-3_42

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New Delhi

  • Print ISBN: 978-81-322-2231-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-81-322-2232-3

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics