Abstract
Codes specify high factory of safety in design to prevent brittle torsional failure of reinforced concrete (RC) columns. This necessitates accurate prediction of the torsional behavior for efficient design of these members. However, very few analytical models are available to predict the response of RC members under torsional load condition. Softened truss model (STM) developed in the University of Houston is one of them, which is widely used for this purpose. The present study shows that STM prediction is not sufficiently accurate particularly in the post cracking region when compared to test results. It also aims at developing an improved analytical model for RC square members under torsional load conditions. Since concrete is weak in tension, its contribution to torsional capacity of RC members was neglected in the original STM. The present investigation revealed that, disregard to tensile strength of concrete is the main reason behind the discrepancies in the STM predictions. The original STM has been extended in this study to include the effect of tension stiffening (TS) to get an improved prediction of torsional behaviour of RC members. Three different tension stiffening models have been considered in this paper. The efficiencies of the models were calibrated through comparison with test data on local and global behaviours. The exponential tension stiffening model is found to give more accurate predictions.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Tirasit P, Kawashima K (2008) Effect of nonlinear seismic torsion on the performance of skewed bridge piers. J Earthq Eng 12(6):980–998
Prakash S, Li Q, Belarbi A (2012) Behaviour of circular and square reinforced concrete bridge columns under combined loading including torsion. ACI Struct J 109(3):317–328
Hsu TTC, Mo YL (1985) Softening of concrete in torsional members—theory and tests. J Am Concr Inst Proc 82(3):290–303
Greene GG (2006) Behaviour of reinforced concrete girders under cyclic torsion and torsion combined with shear: experimental investigation and analytical models. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri at Rolla, Rolla
Bredt R (1896) Kritische Bemerkungen zur Drehungselastizitat. Zeitschrift des Vereines Deutscher Ingenieure 40(28):785–790, and 40(29):813–817
Collins MP, Mitchell D (1991) Prestressed concrete structures. Response Publications, Canada
ACI 318-08 (2008) Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete and Commentary. American Concrete Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
Vecchio FJ, Collins M (1986) The modified compression-field theory for reinforced concrete elements subjected to shear. ACI Struct J 83(2):219–231
Belarbi A, Hsu TTC (1994) Constitutive laws of concrete in tension and reinforcing bars stiffened by concrete. ACI Struct J 91(4):465–474
Stevens NJ, Uzumeri SM, Collins MP (1987) Analytical modelling of reinforced concrete subjected to monotonic and reversed loadings. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada
Koon CC, Hoon CS (1996) Tension stiffening model for planar reinforced concrete members. Comput Struct 59:179–190
Hsu TTC (1988) Softened truss model theory for shear and torsion. ACI Struct J 85(6):624–635
Bibliography
Greene GG, Belarbi A (2009) Model for RC members under torsion, bending, and shear. J Eng Mech ASCE 135(9):961–969
Hsu TTC (1984) Torsion of reinforced concrete. Library of Congress Cataloging, Van-nonstrand Reinhold Company Inc., New York, USA
Belarbi A, Prakash SS, You YM (2008) Effect of spiral reinforcement on flexural-shear-torsional seismic behavior of reinforced concrete circular bridge columns. Struct Eng Mech J 33(2):1190–1205
Fang IK, Shiau JK (2004) Torsion behaviour of normal and high strength concrete beams. ACI Struct J 101(3):304–312
Gopalratnam VS, Shah SP (1985) Softening response of plain concrete in direct tension. ACI J Proc 82(3):310–323
Hsu TTC (1991) Nonlinear analysis of concrete torsional members. ACI Struct J 88(6):674–682
Hsu TTC (1993) Unified theory of reinforced concrete. Library of Congress Cataloging, C.R.C. Press, Boca Raton
Han L-H, Yao G-H, Tao Z (2007) Performance of concrete-filled thin-walled steel tubes under pure torsion. Thin-Walled Struct 45(1):24–36
Prakash S (2009) Seismic behavior of RC circular columns under combined loading including torsion. Department of Civil Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Missouri, USA
Rao TDG, Rama SD (2005) Analytical model for the torsional response of steel fiber reinforced concrete members under pure torsion. Cem Concr Compos 27(4):493–501
Peng X-N, Wong Y-L (2011) Behaviour of reinforced concrete walls subjected to monotonic pure torsion-an experimental study. Eng Struct 33(9):2495–2508
Lee J-Y, Kim S-W (2010) Torsional strength of RC beams considering tension stiffening effect. J Struct Eng ASCE 136(11):1367–1378
Acknowledgments
Experimental data used in this study was carried out as a part of a project funded by NEES-NSF-NEESR, USA, and the National University Transportation Centre, and the Intelligent Systems Centre of Missouri S&T, USA. Their financial support during the PhD work of second author is gratefully acknowledged. The authors would also like to thank Professor K. Kawashima (University of Tokyo) and his team for sharing the data of square columns tested under pure torsion.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer India
About this paper
Cite this paper
Mondal, T.G., Prakash, S.S. (2015). Effect of Tension Stiffening on Torsional Behaviour of Square RC Columns. In: Matsagar, V. (eds) Advances in Structural Engineering. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2187-6_163
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2187-6_163
Publisher Name: Springer, New Delhi
Print ISBN: 978-81-322-2186-9
Online ISBN: 978-81-322-2187-6
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)