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Plant Mitochondrial Omics: State-of-the-Art Knowledge

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PlantOmics: The Omics of Plant Science

Abstract

The semi-autonomous nature of mitochondria provides avenues to understand the evolution of cellular functions, genome and regulatory circuit connecting gene expression and functions. The mitochondria compromised its genome size for functional compatibility of cell, and this transition has been started approximately three billion years ago, when bacteria with unique energy-producing capabilities took residence in a proto-eukaryotic cell. In the course of evolution of this symbiotic relationship, the bacterium transferred many of its genes to the host nucleus, creating the modern nuclear DNA (nDNA) genome. Since their discovery in 1840 (called bioblast), great progress has been made in understanding the central role of mitochondria in the regulation of energy metabolism and nonetheless as a key determinant of cellular fate. The mitochondrial genomic sequence database is available for majority of species used as scientific model to address current scientific questions. Herein mitochondrial omics give an edge to understand regulation at transcriptional, post-transcriptional (splicing and RNA editing), translational and post-translational level, energy complex composition, biogenesis and cell death. Where necessary, the readers are referred to related detailed studies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Agriculture Biotechnology, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Mustafa Malik Ghulam Ph.D.

  2. Industrial Biotechnology, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Sumaira Kousar Ph.D.

  3. Faculty of Medecine, Department of Immunology/Service of pneumology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada

    Harsh Vardhan Ph.D.

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  1. Mustafa Malik Ghulam Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Mustafa Malik Ghulam Ph.D. .

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  1. Department of Genomics, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, West Bengal, India

    Debmalya Barh

  2. University of Agriculture, Centre of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Sarwar Khan

  3. Department of Plant Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA

    Eric Davies

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Ghulam, M.M., Kousar, S., Vardhan, H. (2015). Plant Mitochondrial Omics: State-of-the-Art Knowledge. In: Barh, D., Khan, M., Davies, E. (eds) PlantOmics: The Omics of Plant Science. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2172-2_20

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