Experimental Models for Inflammation

Abstract

Studies performed using in vivo and in vitro experimental model systems are critical components of the effort to identify the effect of new drug molecules. Experimental models permit the precise quantification of exposure levels, to eliminate many external variables that may alter drug response. Experimental studies can be designed in a manner to include specific endpoint evaluations that can generate important data concerning possible biological mechanisms of drug action. Thus, it becomes mandatory to access the cause of disease, and the mechanisms behind it, through experimental models which generally involve animals, in vitro studies, primates, and even humans to a certain extent. Interspecies differences and high-dose to low-dose extrapolations remain important challenges to the interpretation and application of experimental data to assessments of human risk. Understanding the basic mechanisms and pathogenesis of inflammation are essential for the development of new treatment approaches and therapeutic agents.