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Use of Stem Cells to Block the Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells in Diseased Liver

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Stem Cell Therapy for Organ Failure

Abstract

Liver is an important organ in vertebrates and performs major functions such as digestion, drug detoxification, and protein synthesis. Chronic liver fibrosis is a major threat to human life. The etiology of liver fibrosis includes chronic hepatitis infection, alcohol abuse, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The pathophysiology of liver fibrosis shows that there is accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins including collagen, proteoglycan, and adhesive glycoproteins. Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the major collagen-producing cells in the liver. The present in vitro study demonstrates that bipotential murine oval liver (BMOL) stem cells secrete soluble factors, which are capable of inducing apoptosis in activated HSCs and inhibit the formation of collagen. Further, the study can be extended to identify the soluble factors capable of attenuating activated HSCs and opens a new research direction to control liver fibrosis.

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Acknowledgement

This work was financially supported by grants from the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India (BT/SBIRI/779/34-B15/2011), and University Grants Commission (UGC), Government of India, under Faculty Recharge Program to SC. This work was partially supported by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India (SR/WOS-A/LS-14/2011(G) to PG).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA

    Syamantak Majumder

  2. Life Sciences Division, Vascular Biology Lab, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai, India

    Palanivel Gajalakshmi

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Vascular Biology Lab, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai, India

    Suvro Chatterjee

  4. Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India

    Suvro Chatterjee

Authors
  1. Syamantak Majumder
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  2. Palanivel Gajalakshmi
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  3. Suvro Chatterjee
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Correspondence to Suvro Chatterjee .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, DY Patil University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India

    Indumathi Somasundaram

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Majumder, S., Gajalakshmi, P., Chatterjee, S. (2014). Use of Stem Cells to Block the Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells in Diseased Liver. In: Somasundaram, I. (eds) Stem Cell Therapy for Organ Failure. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2110-4_17

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