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Applications of PET-CT in Neurological Disorders: An Overview

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Positron Emission Tomography

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Abstract

When positron emission tomography (PET) was introduced into medicine more than 30 years ago, the first organ of major interest was the brain. Presently, the applications of PET in neurology can be divided into the more commonly performed:

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Abbreviations

18F-MPPF:

Methoxyphenyl-(N-2′-pyridinyl)-p-fluoro-benzamidoethyipiperazine that binds to the serotonin-1A receptor

AD:

Alzheimer disease

AADC:

Amino acid decarboxylase

CBS:

Corticobasal syndrome

DAT:

Dopamine transporter

DLBD:

Diffuse Lewy body dementia

DOTATOC:

DOTA-Tyr3-octreotide (a somatostatin analog)

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

FDOPA:

Fluorodopa min

F-18 FLT:

32-Deoxy-32 fluorothymidine (marker for cellular proliferation)

FTD:

Frontotemporal dementia

FMISO:

Fluoromisonidazole (a hypoxia imaging agent)

F-18 FDDNP:

[F-18]fluoroethyl) (methyl) amino] -2-naphthyl ethylidene malononitrile for studying binding patterns of amyloid plaque and tau tangles in Alzheimer disease

5-HT1A:

A subtype of 5-hydroxytryptamine

GLUT:

Glucose transporter

C-11 DTBZ:

Dihydro tetrabenazine (used for the study of dopaminergic neuronal function)

C-11 CFT:

Carbomethoxy-3-â-(4-fluorophenyl) tropane (for the study of distribution of dopamine transporters in the brain)

C-11 MP4A:

C-11-labeled N-methyl-4-piperidyl-acetate for measurements of regional acetylcholine esterase activity in degenerative dementia

C-11 PMP:

Methylpiperidin-4-yl propionate for the study of brain AChE activity in patients with AD and PD

C-11 CPK:

1-[2-Chlorophenyl]-N-methyl-N-[1-methyl-propyl]-3-isoquinoline carboxamide used for quantification of activated microglia

C-11 PiB:

Carbon-11-labeled Pittsburgh compound B, a marker of cortical fibrillar amyloid-beta load

C-11 SCH:

A selective dopamine D1 antagonist

5-HT2A:

5-Hydroxytryptamine (neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT))

IPD:

Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease

MCI:

Mild cognitive impairment

MMSE:

Mini-mental state examination

MSA:

Multiple system atrophy

PCNSL:

Primary CNS lymphoma

PSP:

Progressive supranuclear palsy

SPM:

Statistical parametric mapping

TLE:

Temporal lobe epilepsy

VMAT:

Vesicular monoamine transporter

VMAT:

Volumetric modulated arc therapy

For Further Reading

  1. Berti V, Pupi A, Mosconi L. PET-CT in diagnosis of dementia. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2011;1228:81–92.

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  2. Bohnen NI, Djang DS, Herholz K, et al. Effectiveness and safety of F-18 F-18 FDG PET in the evaluation of dementia: a review of recent literature. J Nucl Med. 2012;53:59–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Carne RP, O’Brien TJ, Kilpatrick CJ, et al. MRI-negative PET –positive temporal lobe epilepsy: a distinct surgically remediable syndrome. Brain. 2004;127:2276–85.

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  4. Foster NL, Heidebrink JL, Clark CM, et al. F-18 FDG-PET improves accuracy in distinguishing frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimers disease. Brain. 2007;130:2616–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Juhasz C, Chugani HT. Positron Emission tomography: glucose metabolism in extratemporal lobe epilepsy. In: Chugani HT, editor. Neuroimaging in epilepsy. New York: Oxford University Press; 2011. p. 141–55.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Silverman DHS, Small GW, Chang CY, et al. Positron emission tomography in evaluation of dementia. JAMA. 2001;286:2120–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Uijl SG, Leijten FS, Arenda JB, et al. The added value of F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose PET in screening for temporal lobe epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia. 2007;48(11):2121–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India

    Madhvi Tripathy MD, DNB (Asst. Prof.) & C. S. Bal MD, DSc (Prof. & Head)

Authors
  1. Madhvi Tripathy MD, DNB
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  2. C. S. Bal MD, DSc
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Madhvi Tripathy MD, DNB .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Director, Utkal Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India

    Birendra Kishore Das

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© 2015 Springer India

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Tripathy, M., Bal, C.S. (2015). Applications of PET-CT in Neurological Disorders: An Overview. In: Das, B. (eds) Positron Emission Tomography. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2098-5_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2098-5_7

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New Delhi

  • Print ISBN: 978-81-322-2097-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-81-322-2098-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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