Abstract
Digital microfluidic biochip (DMFB) is modernizing many areas of Microelectronics, Biochemistry, and Biomedical sciences. As a substitute for laboratory experiments, it is also widely known as ‘lab-on-a-chip’ (LOC). Minimization in pin count and avoiding cross-contamination are some of the important design issues for realistic relevance. These days, due to urgent situation and cost efficacy, more than one assay operations are essential to be carried out at the same time. So, parallelism is inevitable in DMFB. Having an area of a given chip as a constraint, how efficiently we can use a limited sized chip and how much parallelism can be incorporated are the objectives of this paper. The paper presents a design automation flow that enhances parallelism by adopting Connect-5 structure of pin configuration and considering cross-contamination problem as well. The algorithm developed in this paper assumes array-based partitioning of modules as pin-constrained design technique, where a constant number of pins have been used for desired scheduling of reagent and sample droplets. To avoid cross-contamination and at the same time to minimize the delay required for washing, wash droplet scheduling and proper placement of modules to minimize wash operations are also taken care of.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Advanced Liquid Logic. http://www.liquid-logic.com
Chakrabarty, K., Su, F.: Digital Microfluidic Biochips: Synthesis, Testing, and Reconfiguration Techniques. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2007)
Chakrabarty, K., Xu, T.: Digital Microfluidic Biochips Design Automation and Optimization. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2010)
Fair, R.B.: Digital microfluidics: is a true lab-on-a-chip possible? In: Microfluid Nanofluid, vol. 3, pp. 245–281. Springer, Berlin (2007)
Zeng, J., Korsmeyer, T.: Principles of droplet electro-hydrodynamics for lab-on-a-chip. Lab Chip 4, 265–277 (2004)
Fair, R.B., Srinivasan, V., Ren, H., Paik, P., Pamula, V., Pollack, M.G.: Electrowetting based on chip sample processing for integrated microfluidics. In: IEDM, pp. 779–782 (2003)
Srinivasan, V., Pamula, V.K., Pollack, M.G., Fair, R.B.: A digital microfluidic biosensor for multianalyte detection. In: Proceedings of IEEE MEMS Conference, pp. 327–330 (2003)
Paik, P., Pamula, V.K., Fair, R.B.: Rapid droplet mixers for digital microfluidic systems. Lab Chip 4, 253–259 (2003)
Su, F., Hwang, W., Chakrabarty, K.: Droplet routing in the synthesis of digital microfluidic biochips. In: DATE, pp. 323–328 (2006)
Böhringer, K.F.: Towards optimal strategies for moving droplets in digital microfluidic systems. In: ICRA, pp. 1468–1474 (2004)
Chakrabarty, K.: Digital microfluidic biochips: a vision for functional diversity and more than Moore. In: VLSI Design, pp. 452–457 (2010)
Xu, T., Chakrabarty, K.: Automated design of digital microfluidic lab-on-chip under pin-count constraints. In: ISPD, pp. 190–198 (2008)
Zhao, Y., Chakrabarty, K.: Pin-count-aware online testing of digital microfluidic biochips. In: IEEE VLSI Test Symposium, pp. 111–116 (2010)
Xu, T., Chakrabarty, K.: A droplet-manipulation method for archiving high throughput in cross-referencing based digital microfluidic biochips. TCAD 27, 1905–1917 (2008)
Xu, T., Chakrabarty, K.: Droplet-trace-based array partitioning and a pin assignment algorithm for the automated design of digital microfluidic biochips. In: IEEE/ACM ICH/SCSS, pp. 112–117 (2006)
Xu, T., Hwang, W.L., Su, F., Chakrabarty, K.: Automated design of pin-constrained digital microfluidic biochips under droplet-interference constraints. ACM J. Emerg. Technol. Comput. Syst. 3(3), Article 14 (2007)
Xu, T., Chakrabarty, K.: A cross-referencing-based droplet manipulation method for high-throughput and pin-constrained digital microfluidic arrays. In: DATE, pp. 552–557 (2007)
Su, F., Chakrabarty, K.: High-level synthesis of digital microfluidic biochips. In: ICCAD, vol. 3, no. 4, Article 16 (2008)
Hwang, W.L., Su, F., Chakrabarty, K.: Automated design of pin-constrained digital microfluidic arrays for lab-on-a-chip applications. In: DAC, pp. 925–930 (2006)
Paik, P., Pamula, V.K., Pollack, M.G., Fair, R.B.: Electrowetting based droplet mixers for microfluidic systems. Lab Chip 3, 28–33 (2003)
Paik, P., Pamula, V.K., Fair, R.B.: Rapid droplet mixers for digital microfluidic systems. Lab Chip 3, 253–259 (2003)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer India
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dhal, D., Chakrabarty, A., Datta, P., Pal, R.K. (2015). A New Move Toward Parallel Assay Operations in a Restricted Sized Chip in Digital Microfluidics. In: Chaki, R., Saeed, K., Choudhury, S., Chaki, N. (eds) Applied Computation and Security Systems. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 305. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1988-0_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1988-0_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New Delhi
Print ISBN: 978-81-322-1987-3
Online ISBN: 978-81-322-1988-0
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)