Skip to main content

Viral Keratitis

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Emergencies of the Orbit and Adnexa

Abstract

Herpetic infections of the cornea are a common cause of ocular morbidity. Appropriate management of these infections go a long way in reducing their chronic sequelae. The Herpetic Eye Disease Study (HEDS) has given us reasonable guidelines to manage HSV keratitis. End-stage sequelae might require corneal transplant or in rare cases keratoprosthesis to restore vision.

Herpes zoster primarily occurs in the elderly or immune compromised patients and affects 10–25 % of all zoster dermatitis patients and often results in chronic ocular inflammation, visual loss, and pain.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Liesegang TJ, Melton III LJ, Dally PJ, Llstrup DM. Epidemiology of ocular herpes simplex. Incidence in Rochester Minn, 1950 through 1982. Arch Ophthalmol. 1989;107:1155–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Liesegang TJ, Melton III LJ, Dally PJ, Llstrup DM. Epidemiology of ocular herpes simplex. Natural history in Rochester Minn, 1950 through 1982. Arch Ophthalmol. 1989;107:1160–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Pavan-Langston D, et al. In: Foster S, Azar D, Dohlman C, editors. Viral disease of the ocular anterior segment: basic science and clinical disease. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2005. p. 297–397.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Egerer U-D, Stary A. Erosive-ulcerative herpes simplex blepharitis. Arch Ophthalmol. 1980;98:1760.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Foster Jr WJ, Kraus MD, Custer PL. Herpes simplex virus dacryoadenitis in an immunocompromised patient. Arch Ophthalmol. 2003;121:911–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Holland EJ, Schwartz GS, Neff KD. Herpes simplex keratitis chapter 79 In: Krachmer, Cornea 3rd edition, Elseiver 2011, Volume 1 chapter 79, 953–984.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Coepland Jr R, Afshari NA. Viral keratitis. Chapter 23 in principles and practice of Cornea. vol 1, 1st ed. 2013: p. 265–83.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Pavan-Langston D. In: Albert D, Jakobiec F, editors. Viral disease of the cornea and external eye. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2000. p. 846–93.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Barron BA, Gee L, Hauck WW, et al. Herpetic eye disease study. A controlled trial of oral acyclovir for herpes simplex stromal keratitis. Ophthalmology. 1994;101:1871–82.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. HEDS. Oral acyclovir for herpes simplex virus eye disease. Effect on prevention of epithelial keratitis and stromal keratitis. Herpetic Eye Disease Study Group. Arch Ophthalmol. 2000;118:1030–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. HEDS. A controlled trial of oral acyclovir for the prevention of stromal keratitis or iritis in patients with herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis. The epithelial keratitis trial. The Herpetic Eye Disease Study Group. Arch Ophthalmol. 1997;115:703–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. HEDS. Acyclovir for the prevention of recurrent herpes simplex virus eye disease. Herpetic Eye Disease Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:300–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Khan BF, Pavan-Langston D. Clinical manifestations and treatment modalities in herpes simplex virus of the ocular anterior segment. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 2004;44:103–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Simon AL, Pavan-Langston D. Long-term oral acyclovir therapy. Effect on recurrent infectious herpes simplex keratitis in patients with and without grafts. Ophthalmology. 1996;103:1399–405.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. van Rooij J, Rijneveld WJ, Remeijer L, et al. Effect of oral acyclovir after penetrating keratoplasty for herpetic keratitis: a placebo controlled multicenter trial. Ophthalmology. 2003;110:1916.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Scott G, Stones DU, James C. Evidence-based treatment of herpes simplex virus keratitis: a systematic review. Ocul Surf. 2007;5(3):240–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Langston RH, Pavan-Langston D. Penetrating keratoplasty for herpetic keratitis: decision-making and management. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 1975;15:125–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Kahn B, Aqualvella J, Harissi-Dagher M, et al. The Boston keratoprosthesis in herpetic keratitis. Arch Ophthlamol. 2007;125:745–9. Wilson FI. In: Tabbara K, Hyndiuk R, editors. Varicella and Herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Boston: Little, Brown; 1996. p. 387–400.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Liesegang TJ. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Natural history, risk factors, clinical presentation, and morbidity. Ophthalmology. 2008;115:S3–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Liesegang TJ. Diagnosis and therapy of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Ophthalmology. 1991;98:1216–29.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Lee WB, Liesegang TJ. Herpes zoster keratitis. In: Krachmer, Cornea 3rd edition, Elseiver 2011: Volume 1, chapter 80, 985–1000.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Herbort CP. Acyclovir in herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Br J Ophthalmol. 1991;75(9):542–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Hoang-Xuan T, Büchi ER, Herbort CP, Denis J, Frot P, Thénault S, Pouliquen Y. Oral acyclovir for herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Ophthalmology. 1992;99(7):1062–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Colin J, Prisant O, Cochener B, Lescale O, Rolland B, Hoang-Xuan T. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of valaciclovir and acyclovir for the treatment of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Ophthalmology. 2000;107(8):1507–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Soong HK, Schwartz AE, Meyer RF, Sugar A. Penetrating keratoplasty for corneal scarring due to herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Br J Ophthalmol. 1989;73:19–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Pavan-Langston D, Dohman CH. Boston keratoprosthesis treatment of herpes zoster neurotrophic keratopathy. Ophthalmology. 2008;115:S21–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bhaskar Srinivasan MS(Ophthalmology) .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer India

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Srinivasan, B., Iyer, G., Agarwal, M., Agarwal, S. (2017). Viral Keratitis. In: Mukherjee, B., Yuen, H. (eds) Emergencies of the Orbit and Adnexa. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1807-4_37

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1807-4_37

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New Delhi

  • Print ISBN: 978-81-322-1806-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-81-322-1807-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics