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Diversity and Bioactivity of Endophytic Fungi from Nothapodyte foetida (Wt.) Sleumer and Hypericum mysorense Heyne

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Microbial Diversity and Biotechnology in Food Security

Abstract

Endophytic fungi were isolated from the medicinal plants Nothapodyte foetida and Hypericum mysorense, collected from the cold peaks of the Western Ghats of India, which is considered as one among ten important biodiversity hotspots of the world. The diversity of foliar endophytic biota in both plants was assessed using various indices. Endophytes were screened for the antimicrobial and free radical-scavenging activity. Ethyl acetate extracts of the culture broths of two isolates Bionectria ochroleuca NOTL33 from N. foetida and Chaetomium globosum HYML55 from H. mysorense were further characterized for their composition and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) based on their significant activities during primary screening. MIC of both extracts ranged from 78 to 625 µg/ml, with the exception of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5 mg/ml). 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) free radical quenching by the extracts were dose dependent. 2-heptanone, furfural, methyl furfural, benzyl pentyl ketone, benzyl decanoate, amyl isovalerate and palmitic acid were identified in NOTL33 extract by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. A yellow amorphous powder (HYML 8A) was purified from HYML55 extract and further characterized for MIC and minimum cidal concentrations against the test bacteria. The yield of the compound in different media was estimated.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Dr. K. R. Prabhu, Senior Scientific Officer, Department of Organic Chemistry, IISc, Bangalore for providing the GC-MS facility. We are also grateful to the director of the Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), India; Dr. Varadaraj, Head, Human Resource Development (HRD) Department, CFTRI, India and Dr. Joseph, Scientist CFTRI, India for the HPLC facility. We are thankful to Prof. K. M. Lokanath Rai, Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, India for his valuable suggestions.

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  1. Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India

    Pradeepa V. Samaga & V. Ravishankar Rai

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  1. Pradeepa V. Samaga
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  2. V. Ravishankar Rai
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Correspondence to V. Ravishankar Rai .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University Centre of Advances Studies in Botany, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    R.N. Kharwar

  2. Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University Centre of Advances Studies in Botany, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    R.S. Upadhyay

  3. Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University Centre of Advances Studies in Botany, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    N.K. Dubey

  4. Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Richa Raghuwanshi

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Samaga, P., Rai, V. (2014). Diversity and Bioactivity of Endophytic Fungi from Nothapodyte foetida (Wt.) Sleumer and Hypericum mysorense Heyne. In: Kharwar, R., Upadhyay, R., Dubey, N., Raghuwanshi, R. (eds) Microbial Diversity and Biotechnology in Food Security. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1801-2_6

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