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Advances in Biotechnology pp 25–39Cite as

Molecular Markers

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Abstract

Detection and analysis of genetic variation help in understanding the molecular basis of various biological phenomena in eukaryotes. Since the entire eukaryotes cannot be covered under sequencing projects, molecular markers and their correlation to phenotypes provide with requisite landmarks for elucidation of genetic variation. There are different types of DNA-based molecular markers. These DNA-based markers are differentiated into two types; first nonPCR-based (RFLP) and second is PCR-based markers (RAPD, AFLP, SSR, SNP etc.). Amongst others, the microsatellite DNA marker has been the most widely used in ecological, evolutionary, taxonomical, phylogenetic, and genetic studies due to its easy use by simple PCR, followed by a denaturing gel electrophoresis for allele size determination and high degree of information provided by its large number of alleles per locus. Despite this, a new marker type, named SNP, for Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, is now on the scene and has gained high popularity, even though it is only a bi-allelic type of marker. Day by day development of such new and specific types of markers makes their importance in understanding the genomic variability and the diversity between the same as well as different species of the plants. In this chapter, we have discussed types of molecular markers, their advantages, disadvantages, and the applications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Govind Ballabh Pant Engineering College, Ghurdauri, Pauri, Uttrakhand, 246194, India

    Pavan Kumar Agrawal

  2. Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Rahul Shrivastava

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  1. Pavan Kumar Agrawal
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  2. Rahul Shrivastava
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Correspondence to Rahul Shrivastava .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Regional Centre, Indira Gandhi National Open University, Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Indu Ravi

  2. Biotechnology, Govind Ballabh Pant Engineering College, Ghurdauri, Pauri, Uttarakhand, India

    Mamta Baunthiyal

  3. Biochemical Engineering, Bipin Tripathi Kumaon Institute of Technology, Dwarahat, Uttarakhand, India

    Jyoti Saxena

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© 2014 Springer India

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Agrawal, P.K., Shrivastava, R. (2014). Molecular Markers. In: Ravi, I., Baunthiyal, M., Saxena, J. (eds) Advances in Biotechnology. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1554-7_3

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