Abstract
The most striking characteristic of the diamond fields of the Siberian and Slave cratons is the linear distribution of the most significantly diamondiferous kimberlites. The diamondiferous Darnley Bay and Dharma kimberlites and the source area of the Lena West diamonds and kimberlite indicator minerals may lie on a northern extension of the Slave lineament displaced 350 km to the west. Extensions of the Slave lineament to the south may include the Buffalo Hills/Birch Mountain kimberlites of Alberta and the Fort a la Corne kimberlites of Saskatchewan. With its displaced northern and southern extensions the lineament may be 2300 km long. The Siberian diamond fields have a linear distribution over 1000 km with one offset. This lineament has been described as a “Zone of Anomalous Mantle”. A model proposed for the Slave craton in which Paleoproterozoic lithosphere has underplated Mesoarchean lithosphere beneath the Slave lineament and controls the geometry of the lineament is applied to the adjoining northern and southern extensions of the Slave lineament and to the Siberian “Zone of Anomalous Mantle”. It is concluded that there may have been a single “Zone of Anomalous Mantle” formed on the Pacific Ocean side of an Archean craton (Siberia/N. America) in Paleoproterozoic time and the present location of the segments results from major lateral displacements. The Aekit Proterozoic orogenic belt separated, thinned and destroyed the base of the adjoining Siberian and N. American parts of the craton.
Keywords
An erratum to this chapter can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1173-0_20
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Agashev AM, Kuligin SS, Orihashi Y, Pokhilenko MA, Vavilov MA, Clarke D (2008) The ages of zircons from the Jurassic sediments of Bluefish river slope, NWT Canada and the possible age of kimberlite activity on Lena West property. In: 9th IKC extended abstract no 9IKC-A-00170, 3 p
Aspler LB, Chiarenzelli JR (1998) Two Neoarchean supercontinents? Evidence from the Paleoproterozoic. Sed Geol 120:34–40
Buchan KL, Ernst RE (2004) Diabase dyke swarms and related units in Canada and adjacent regions. Geological Survey of Canada, “A” Series Map, 2022A
Berman RG, Davis WJ, Pehrsson S (2007) Collisional snowbird tectonic zone resurrected: growth of Laurentia during the 1.9 Ga accretionary phase of the Hudsonian orogeny. Geology 35(10):911–914
Bush VA, Natapov LM (1995) Geodynamic map of Russia, scale 1:10,000,000. Russian federation committee on geology and use of mineral resources
Casselman S, Cuvello L, Belcourt G (2001) Diamond exploration program 2000, Paulatuk area, Northwest territories. Report for Darnley Bay Resources Ltd. Department of Indian & Northern Affairs Assessment Report No. 084367, 37 p. plus appendices
Cook FA, Coflin KC, Lane LS, Dietrich JR, Dixon J (1987) Preliminary interpretations of the MacKenzie-Beaufort Basin deep crustal reflection survey. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 1549, 37 p
Cook DG, Maclean BC (2004) Subsurface proterozoic stratigraphy and tectonics of the western plains of the northwest territories; Geol Surv Can Bull 575, 91 p
Darnley Bay Resources (2004) Project summary. 29 p. http://www.darnleybay.com. Accessed 15 Mar 2004
Davies R (2009) Examination of the −0.30 + 0.25 mm fraction of samples collected in 2004 and of the −0.50 + 0.30 mm and −0.30 + 0.25 mm fractions of samples collected in 2007 on Horton river prospecting permits of Talmora Diamond Inc., Paulatuk area, Northwest Territories, vol 2. Department of Indian & Northern Affairs Assessment Report, 21 p
Davies R, Davies AW (2011) Kimberlitic indicator minerals and “Laterite”, Canadian Arctic. In: 39th Annual yellowknife geoscience forum abstracts. Northwest Territories Geoscience Office, Yellowknife, NT. YKGSF Abstracts Volume 2011, p 96
Doyle BJ, Kivi KR (2005) MacKenzie diamond project, 2004 report of work, Colville and NE bear areas. Heavy mineral sampling surveys. Report for Sanatan Diamond Inc. Department of Indian & Northern Affairs Assessment Report 084802. 40 p. plus appendices
Doyle BJ, Gill TI, Thompson V (2008) The discovery of the dharma kimberlite complex: evidence for a previously unknown Archean terrain north of great bear lake. In: 36th annual yellowknife geoscience forum abstracts. Northwest Territories. 21 p
Diamondex Resources Ltd. (2002) “Area of Interest” of Lena west project, presentation. http://www.diamondexresources.com. Accessed 2009
Faure S, Godey S, Fallara F, Trepanier S (2011) Seismic architecture of the Archean North American mantle and its relationship to diamondiferous kimberlite fields. Econ Geol 106:223–240
Geological Survey of Alberta (GSA) (2012) Geology of Alberta interactive map GIS. http://www.ags.gov.ab.ca. Accessed Sept 2012
Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) (2011): Aeromagnetic, gravity, radioactivity, seismic/magnetotelluric, and NGR geochemical data base, geoscience data repository. http://gdrdap.agg.nrcan.gc.ca/geodap/home/Default.aspx?lang=e. Accessed Feb 2011
Gerasimov IP (1946) Opyt geologiceskogo strojenija SSSR. Problemy fiziceskoj geografii, 12, Moskva–Leningrad, 33–46
Geological Map of the USSR Third Edition (1970–1977): Great Soviet Encyclopedia, on G-to-G website. http://g-to-g.com/index.php?version=eng&module=18&page=4. Accessed May 2012
Griffin WL, Ryan CG, Kaminsky FV, O’Reilly SY, Natapov LM, Win TT, Kinny PD, Ilupin IP (1999) The Siberian lithosphere traverse: mantle terranes and the assembly of the Siberian craton. Tectonophysics 310:1–35
Goussev SA, Charters RA, Peirce JW (2005) Gravity signature of a buried detached megablock: an example from the MacKenzie delta area. In: Society of exploration geophysicists, 2005 SEG annual meeting conference paper 2005-0647, 5 p
Harrison JS, St-Onge MR, Petrov O, Strelnikov S, Lopatin B, Wilson F, Tella S, Paul D, Lynds T, Shokalsky S, Hults C, Bergman S, Jepsen HF, Solli A (2008) Geological map of the Arctic. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 5816, scale 1:5,000,000
Helmstaedt H (2009) Crust-mantle coupling revisited: the Archean slave craton, NWT, Canada. In: 9th IKC proceedings, 1055–1068
Hoffman PF (1987) Continental transform tectonics: Great Slave Lake shear zone (1.9 Ga), northwest Canada. Geology 15:543–604
Karpinsky AP (1983) Geological Map of the USSR and Adjoining Water-covered Areas (1:2,500,000). Min Geol, USSR
Kaminsky FV, Feldman AA, Varlamov VA, Boyko AN, Olofinsky LN, Shofman IL, Vaganov VI (1995) Prognostication of primary diamond deposits. J Geochem Explor 53:167–182
Maclean BC (2007) Digital GIS versions of the oversize map figures from geological survey of Canada bulletin 575 (Subsurface proterozoic stratigraphy and tectonics of the western plains of the Northwest territories), Geological survey of Canada open file 5325
Maus S, Sazonova T, Hemant K, Fairhead JD, Ravat D (2007) National geophysical data center candidate for the world digital magnetic anomaly map. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, Technical Brief, vol 8, no 6 (Digital data set). http://geomag.org/models/wdmam.html. Accessed May 2012
Moralev VM, Glukhovsky MZ (2000) Diamond-bearing kimberlite fields of the Siberian Craton and the Early Precambrian geodynamics. Ore Geol Rev 17(3):141–153
Norris DK (1984) Geology of the Northern Yukon and Northwestern District of MacKenzie. Geological Survey of Canada, Map 1581A, scale 1:500,000
O’Reilly SY, Griffin WI, Poudjom Djomani Y, Natapov LM, Pearson NJ, Davies RM, Doyle BJ, Kivi K (2001) The mantle beneath the Slave Craton (Canada): composition and architecture. Slave-Kaapvaal Workshop, Merrickville, Ontario, Canada, 5–9 Sept 2001
Pearson DG, Wittig N (2008) Formation of Archaean continental lithosphere and its diamonds: the root of the problem. J Geol Soc 165:895–914
Peirce JW, White R, Cordsen A, Glenn T (2001) The Great Slave shear zone—implications for exploration in NW Alberta and NE B.C. Published at CSEG 2001
Pokhilenko NP, Afanasiev VP, McDonald JA, Vavilov MA, Kuligin SS, Pokhilenko LN, Golovin AV, Agashev AM (2012) Kimberlite indicator minerals in terrigene sediments of lower part of MacKenzie River basin, NWT, Canada; evidence of new craton with thick lithosphere. In: 10th IKC extended abstract no. 10IKC-053, 3 p
Rosen OM (2002) Siberian craton—a fragment of a Paleoproterozoic supercontinent. Russ J Earth Sci 4(2):103–119
Sanatana Diamonds Inc. (2009) Postulated MacKenzie Craton. Project presentation. http://www.sanatanadiamonds.com/. Accessed 23 Apr 2009
Schiller E (2003) New kids near the corridor of hope. Res World Mag 1(3):28–30
Simandl GJ (2004) Concepts for diamond exploration in “on/off craton” areas—British Columbia, Canada. Lithos 77(1–4):749–764
Soloviev V (1996) Main structures of the Slave Craton. Unpublished report prepared for the author’s clients. 5 p. with summary map at 1:5,000,000 scale and Canada topographic maps 76C, 76D, 76E, 76F, 86A & 86H at 1:250,000 scale
Stubley MP (2005) Slave Craton: interpretative bedrock compilation. Northwest territories geoscience office, NWT-NU Open File 2005-01, Digital files and 2 maps
Whitmeyer SJ, Karlstrom KE (2007) Tectonic model for the Proterozoic growth of North America. Geosphere 3(4):220–257
Wood BL, Popov NP (2006) The giant Sukhoi log gold deposit, Siberia. Russ Geol Geophys 47(3):315–341
Zonenshain LP, Kuzman MI, Natapov LM (1990) Geology of the USSR, a plate-tectonic synthesis In Page BM (ed) Geodynamic Series, vol 21, Chap. 3. American Geophysics Union, Washington, DC, pp 17–30
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Ms. Megan Cook of the University of Houston for the kind help with research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Geological Society of India
About this paper
Cite this paper
Davies, R., Davies, A.W. (2013). Zone of Anomalous Mantle. In: Pearson, D., et al. Proceedings of 10th International Kimberlite Conference. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1173-0_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1173-0_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New Delhi
Print ISBN: 978-81-322-1172-3
Online ISBN: 978-81-322-1173-0
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)