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Wyoming Craton Mantle Lithosphere: Reconstructions Based on Xenocrysts from Sloan and Kelsey Lake Kimberlites

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Proceedings of 10th International Kimberlite Conference

Abstract

The structure of the lithospheric mantle of the Wyoming craton beneath two Paleozoic kimberlite pipes, Sloan and Kelsey Lake 1 in Colorado, was reconstructed using single-grain thermobarometry for a large data set (>2,600 EPMA analyses of xenocrysts and mineral intergrowths). Pyrope compositions from both pipes relate to the lherzolitic field (up to 14 wt% Cr2O3) with a few deviations in CaO to harzburgitic field for KL-1 garnets. Clinopyroxene variations (Cr-diopsides and omphacites) from the Sloan pipe show similarities with those from Daldyn kimberlites, Yakutia, and from kimberlites in the central part of the Slave craton, while KL-1 Cpx resemble those from the Alakit kimberlites in Yakutia that sample metasomatized peridotites. LAM ICP analyses recalculated to parental melts for clinopyroxenes from Sloan resemble contaminated protokimberlite melts, while clinopyroxenes from KL-1 show metasomatism by subduction fluids. Melts calculated from garnets from both pipes show peaks for Ba, Sr and U, and HFSE troughs, typical of subduction-related melts. Parental melts calculated for ilmenites from Sloan suggest derivation from highly differentiated melts, or melting of Ilm-bearing metasomatites, while those from Kelsey Lake do not display extreme HFSE enrichment. Three P-Fe# (where Fe# = Fe/(Fe + Mg) in atomic units) trends within the mantle lithosphere beneath Sloan have been obtained using monomineral thermobarometry. At the base, the trends reveal melt metasomatized (possibly sheared) peridotites (Fe# = 13–15 %), refertilized peridotites (Fe# = 10–11 %) and primary mantle peridotites (Fe# = 7–9 %). Anomalous heating was found at depths equivalent to 4.0 and 3.0–2.0 GPa. The mantle section beneath KL-1 is widely metasomatized with several stages of refertilization with dispersed Ilm–Cpx trends. The step-like subadibatic heating in the mantle column beneath the Sloan pipe is strong in the base and the middle part and weaker within 2–3 GPa. Heating beneath the KL-1 pipe is more evident in the base and middle part from 7.0 to 3.0 GPa.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by grant RBRF 05-11-00060a, 11-05-91060-PICSa. Thanks to Prof. G.D.Pearson for corrections of the text.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, SD RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

    I. V. Ashchepkov & S. V. Palessky

  2. Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK

    H. Downes

  3. Lakehead University, Ontario, Canada

    R. Mitchell

  4. Institute of Geochemistry SD RAS, Irkutsk, Russia

    N. V. Vladykin

  5. Coopersmith and Associates, Fort Collins, Colorado, P.O. Box 1916, USA

    H. Coopersmith

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  1. I. V. Ashchepkov
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  2. H. Downes
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  3. R. Mitchell
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  4. N. V. Vladykin
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  5. H. Coopersmith
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  6. S. V. Palessky
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Correspondence to I. V. Ashchepkov .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    D Graham Pearson

  2. Dept of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    Herman S Grütter

  3. School of Geographical & Earth Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

    Jeff W Harris

  4. Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    Bruce A Kjarsgaard

  5. Finland Isotope Geosciences Laboratory, Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), Espoo, Finland

    Hugh O’Brien

  6. Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    N V Chalapathi Rao

  7. School of Earth Sciences, Bristol University, Bristol, United Kingdom

    Steven Sparks

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Ashchepkov, I.V., Downes, H., Mitchell, R., Vladykin, N.V., Coopersmith, H., Palessky, S.V. (2013). Wyoming Craton Mantle Lithosphere: Reconstructions Based on Xenocrysts from Sloan and Kelsey Lake Kimberlites. In: Pearson, D., et al. Proceedings of 10th International Kimberlite Conference. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1170-9_2

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