Abstract
The coal mine overburden (OB) materials vary widely in their physical, chemical and biological properties than natural soil, which affect the plant establishment, survival and growth. To reclaim these OB dumps biologically, a long-term nutrient cycling between soil and plant has to be established. The long-term plant community stability on OB dumps relies upon the development of a functional soil microbial community. Soil microorganisms are responsible for (a) decomposition of plant litter, (b) mineralisation of essential plant nutrients, (c) nutrient cycling, (e) accumulation of organic matter and (f) beneficial changes of soil physical characteristics. One group of soil microorganisms important to the development of long-term plant community structure is mycorrhizal fungi. The absence of mycorrhiza may account for the poor survival of plant used for OB dump reclamation. To reclaim overburden dumps biologically, several types of biofertiliser are being used. Biofertiliser are defined as ‘fertiliser of biological origin’. The biofertiliser can be broadly classified into three categories (Mukhopadhyay and Maiti 2009):
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Maiti, S.K. (2013). Biofertiliser (Mycorrhiza) Technology in Mine Ecorestoration. In: Ecorestoration of the coalmine degraded lands. Springer, India. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-0851-8_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-0851-8_11
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