Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Future of GERD Research in Asia

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Rise of Acid Reflux in Asia

  • 361 Accesses

Abstract

Until recently, GERD was thought to be a rare disease in Asia, and research on this topic was sparse. Now several publications have evaluated the prevalence of reflux symptoms in the Asian population. These large studies have predominantly been from China, Korea, Japan, Turkey, Iran, and Israel and show the incidence of GERD is rising throughout Asia.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Sharma P, Wani S, Romero Y, Johnson D, Hamilton F. Racial and geographic issues in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2008;103(11):2669–80. doi:10.1111/j.15720241.2008.02089.x. Epub 2008 Nov 27. PMID: 19032462

  2. Dent J, El-Serag HB, Wallander MA, Johansson S. Epidemiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review. Gut. 2005;54(5):710–7. doi:10.1136/gut.2004.051821. Epub 2005 Apr 16. PMID: 15831922; PMCID: PMC1774487

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Ho KY. From GERD to Barrett’s esophagus: is the pattern in Asia mirroring that in the west? J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;26(5):816–24. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06669.x. Epub 2011 Jan 27. PMID: 21265879

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Desai HG, Gupte PA. Increasing incidence of Crohn’s disease in India: is it related to improved sanitation? Indian J Gastroenterol. 2005;24(1):23–4. Epub 2005 Mar 22. PMID: 15778522.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Mathew P, Joshi AS, Shukla A, Bhatia SJ. Risk factors for Barrett’s esophagus in Indian patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;26(7):1151–6. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06714.x. Epub 2011 Mar 8. PMID: 21375585

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Bhatia SJ, Reddy DN, Ghoshal UC, Jayanthi V, Abraham P, Choudhuri G, et al. Epidemiology and symptom profile of gastroesophageal reflux in the Indian population: report of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology Task Force. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2011;30(3):118–27.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Kumar S, Sharma S, Norboo T, Dolma D, Norboo A, Stobdan T, et al. Population based study to assess prevalence and risk factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease in a high altitude area. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2011;30(3):135–43. doi:10.1007/s12664-010-0066-4. Epub 2010 Dec 25. PMID: 21181325

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Sharma PK, Ahuja V, Madan K, Gupta S, Raizada A, Sharma MP. Prevalence, severity, and risk factors of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease among employees of a large hospital in northern India. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2011;30(3):128–34. doi:10.1007/s12664-010-0065-5. Epub 2010 Nov 10. PMID: 21061110

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Ramu B. Mohan P. Jayanthi V. Prevalence and risk factors for gastroesophageal reflux in pregnancy. Indian J Gastroenterol: Rajasekaran MS; 2010. doi:10.1007/s12664-010-0067-3. Epub 2010 Jan 3. PMID: 21125366

    Google Scholar 

  10. Gaddam S, Sharma P. Shedding light on the epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease in India--a big step forward. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2011;30(3):105–7. doi:10.1007/s12664-011-0108-6. Epub 2011 Jul 26. PMID: 21785993

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Locke GR 3rd, Talley NJ, Fett SL, Zinsmeister AR, Melton LJ 3rd. Prevalence and clinical spectrum of gastroesophageal reflux: a population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Gastroenterology. 1997;112(5):1448–56. PMID: 9136821

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Kahrilas PJ. Clinical practice. Gastroesophageal reflux disease. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(16):1700–7. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp0804684. Epub 2008 Oct 17. PMID: 18923172

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Shaheen NJ, Hansen RA, Morgan DR, Gangarosa LM, Ringel Y, Thiny MT, et al. The burden of gastrointestinal and liver diseases, 2006. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;101(9):2128–38. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00723.x. Epub 2006 Jul 20. PMID: 16848807

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Wahlqvist P, Reilly MC, Barkun A. Systematic review: the impact of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease on work productivity. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;24(2):259–72. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.02996.x. Epub 2006 Jul 18. PMID: 16842452

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. El-Serag HB. Time trends of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;5(1):17–26. doi: S1542-3565(06)00944-X10.1016/j.cgh.2006.09.016. Epub 2006 Jan 5. PMID: 17142109

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Wong BC, Kinoshita Y. Systematic review on epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Asia. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;4(4):398–407. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2005.10.011. Epub 2006 Apr 18. PMID: 16616342

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Sharma P. Clinical practice. Barrett’s esophagus. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(26):2548–56. doi: 361/26/254810.1056/NEJMcp0902173. Epub 2009 Dec 25. PMID: 20032324

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Lagergren J, Bergstrom R, Lindgren A, Nyren O. Symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux as a risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma. N Engl J Med. 1999;340(11):825–31. doi:10.1056/NEJM199903183401101. Epub 1999 Mar 18. PMID: 10080844

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Spechler SJ, Souza RF. Barrett’s esophagus. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(9):836–45. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1314704. Epub 2014 Aug 28. PMID: 25162890

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Wong WM, Lai KC, Lam KF, Hui WM, Hu WH, Lam CL, et al. Prevalence, clinical spectrum and health care utilization of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in a Chinese population: a population-based study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003;18(6):595–604. Epub 2003 Sep 13. PMID: 12969086

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Hu WH, Wong WM, Lam CL, Lam KF, Hui WM, Lai KC, et al. Anxiety but not depression determines health care-seeking behaviour in Chinese patients with dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome: a population-based study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002;16(12):2081–8. Epub 2002 Nov 28. PMID: 12452941

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Guozong P, Guoming X, Meiyun K, Shaomei H, Huiping G, Zhaoshen L, et al. Epidemiological study of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease in China: Beijing and shanghai. Chinese J Dig Dis. 2000;1(1):2–8. doi:10.1046/j.1443-9573.2000.00001.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Cho YS, Choi MG, Jeong JJ, Chung WC, Lee IS, Kim SW, et al. Prevalence and clinical spectrum of gastroesophageal reflux: a population-based study in Asan-si. Korea Am J Gastroenterol. 2005;100(4):747–53. doi:10.1111/j.1572–0241.2005.41245.x. Epub 2005 Mar 24. PMID: 15784014

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Fujiwara Y, Higuchi K, Watanabe Y, Shiba M, Watanabe T, Tominaga K, et al. Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms in Japan. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005;20(1):26–9. doi:10.1111/j.1440–1746.2004.03521.x. Epub 2004 Dec 22. PMID: 15610442

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Bor S, Mandiracioglu A, Kitapcioglu G, Caymaz-Bor C, Gilbert RJ. Gastroesophageal reflux disease in a low-income region in Turkey. Am J Gastroenterol. 2005;100(4):759–65. doi:10.1111/j.1572–0241.2005.41065.x. Epub 2005 Mar 24. PMID: 15784016

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Nouraie M, Radmard AR, Zaer-Rezaii H, Razjouyan H, Nasseri-Moghaddam S, Malekzadeh R. Hygiene could affect GERD prevalence independently: a population-based study in Tehran. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102(7):1353–60. doi:10.1111/j.1572–0241.2007.01208.x. Epub 2007 Apr 18. PMID: 17437507

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Sperber AD, Halpern Z, Shvartzman P, Friger M, Freud T, Neville A, et al. Prevalence of GERD symptoms in a representative Israeli adult population. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2007;41(5):457–61. doi:10.1097/01.mcg.0000225664.68920.96. Epub 2007 Apr 24. PMID: 17450026

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Ho KY, Kang JY, Seow A. Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in a multiracial Asian population, with particular reference to reflux-type symptoms. American J Gastroenterol. 1998;93(10):1816–22. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.1998.00526.x. Epub 1998 Oct 15. PMID: 9772037

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Wu JC. Gastroesophageal reflux disease: an Asian perspective. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;23(12):1785–93. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05684.x. Epub 2009 Jan 6. PMID: 19120871

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Khuroo MS, Mahajan R, Zargar SA, Javid G, Munshi S. Prevalence of peptic ulcer in India: an endoscopic and epidemiological study in urban Kashmir. Gut. 1989;30(7):930–4. Epub 1989 Jul 1. PMID: 2788113; PMCID: PMC1434311

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  31. Kang JY, Tay HH, Yap I, Guan R, Lim KP, Math MV. Low frequency of endoscopic esophagitis in Asian patients. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1993;16(1):70–3. Epub 1993 Jan 01. PMID: 8421153

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Rosaida MS, Goh KL. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, reflux oesophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease in a multiracial Asian population: a prospective, endoscopy based study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004;16(5):495–501. Epub 2004 Apr 21. PMID: 15097043

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Yeh C, Hsu CT, Ho AS, Sampliner RE, Fass R. Erosive esophagitis and Barrett’s esophagus in Taiwan: a higher frequency than expected. Dig Dis Sci. 1997;42(4):702–6. Epub 1997 Apr 1. PubMed PMID: 9125635

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Yeom JS, Park HJ, Cho JS, Lee SI, Park IS. Reflux esophagitis and its relationship to hiatal hernia. J Korean Med Sci. 1999;14(3):253–6. Epub 1999 Jul 13. PMID: 10402166; PMCID: PMC3054374

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  35. Furukawa N, Iwakiri R, Koyama T, Okamoto K, Yoshida T, Kashiwagi Y, et al. Proportion of reflux esophagitis in 6010 Japanese adults: prospective evaluation by endoscopy. J Gastroenterol. 1999;34(4):441–4. Epub 1999 Aug 19. PMID: 10452674

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Inamori M, Togawa J, Nagase H, Abe Y, Umezawa T, Nakajima A, et al. Clinical characteristics of Japanese reflux esophagitis patients as determined by Los Angeles classification. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2003;18(2):172–6. Epub 2003 Jan 25 PMID: 12542602

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Toruner M, Soykan I, Ensari A, Kuzu I, Yurdaydin C, Ozden A. Barrett’s esophagus: prevalence and its relationship with dyspeptic symptoms. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004;19(5):535–40. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2003.03342.x. Epub 2004 Apr 17. PMID: 15086597

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Park JJ, Kim JW, Kim HJ, Chung MG, Park SM, Baik GH, et al. The prevalence of and risk factors for Barrett’s esophagus in a Korean population: a nationwide multicenter prospective study. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2009;43(10):907–14. doi:10.1097/MCG.0b013e318196bd11. Epub 2009 May 7. PMID: 19417682

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Lee IS, Choi SC, Shim KN, Jee SR, Huh KC, Lee JH, et al. Prevalence of Barrett’s esophagus remains low in the Korean population: nationwide cross-sectional prospective multicenter study. Dig Dis Sci. 2010;55(7):1932–9. doi:10.1007/s10620-009-0984-0. Epub 2009 Oct 3. PMID: 19798574.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Lee HS, Jeon SW. Barrett esophagus in Asia: same disease with different pattern. Clin Endosc. 2014;47(1):15–22. doi:10.5946/ce.2014.47.1.15. Epub 2014 Feb 27.PMID: 24570879; PMCID: PMC3928486

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  41. Tseng PH, Lee YC, Chiu HM, Huang SP, Liao WC, Chen CC, et al. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of Barrett’s esophagus in a Chinese general population. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2008;42(10):1074–9. doi:10.1097/MCG.0b013e31809e7126. Epub 2008 Mar 25.PMID: 18360296

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Wong WM, Lam SK, Hui WM, Lai KC, Chan CK, Hu WH, et al. Long-term prospective follow-up of endoscopic oesophagitis in southern Chinese--prevalence and spectrum of the disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002;16(12):2037–42. Epub 2002 Nov 28.PMID: 12452935

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Hongo M. Review article: Barrett’s oesophagus and carcinoma in Japan. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004;20(Suppl 8):50–4. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02230.x. Epub 2004 Dec 4. PMID: 15575874

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Fernandes ML, Seow A, Chan YH, Ho KY. Opposing trends in incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma in a multi-ethnic Asian country. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;101(7):1430–6. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00570.x. Epub 2006 Jul 26. PMID: 16863543

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Yee YK, Cheung TK, Chan AO, Yuen MF, Wong BC. Decreasing trend of esophageal adenocarcinoma in Hong Kong. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev. 2007;16(12):2637–40. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-0421. Epub 2007 Dec 19. PMID: 18086768

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Chung JW, Lee GH, Choi KS, Kim DH, Jung KW, Song HJ, et al. Unchanging trend of esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma in Korea: experience at a single institution based on Siewert’s classification. Dis Esophagus. 2009;22(8):676–81. doi:10.1111/j.14422050.2009.00946.x. Epub 2009 Feb 13. PMID: 19222529

  47. Lu CL, Lang HC, Luo JC, Liu CC, Lin HC, Chang FY, et al. Increasing trend of the incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, but not adenocarcinoma, in Taiwan. Cancer Causes Control. 2010;21(2):269–74. doi:10.1007/s10552-009-9458-0. Epub 2009 Oct 29. PMID: 19866363

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Nocon M, Labenz J, Jaspersen D, Meyer-Sabellek W, Stolte M, Lind T, et al. Long-term treatment of patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in routine care - results from the ProGERD study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007;25(6):715–22. doi:10.1111/j.13652036.2007.03249.x. PMID: ISI:000245173000009

  49. Wong WM, Lai KC, Hui WM, Lam KF, Huang JQ, Hu WH, et al. Double-blind, randomized controlled study to assess the effects of lansoprazole 30 mg and lansoprazole 15 mg on 24-h oesophageal and intragastric pH in Chinese subjects with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004;19(4):455–62. Epub 2004 Feb 12. PubMed PMID: 14871286

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Kuipers EJ, Nelis GF, Klinkenberg-Knol EC, Snel P, Goldfain D, Kolkman JJ, et al. Cure of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with reflux oesophagitis treated with long term omeprazole reverses gastritis without exacerbation of reflux disease: results of a randomised controlled trial. Gut. 2004;53(1):12–20. Epub 2003 Dec 20. PMID: 14684569; PMCID: PMC1773939

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4801 E. Linwood Blvd, Kansas City, MO, 64128-2295, USA

    Srinivas Gaddam

  2. University of Kansas School of Medicine, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA

    Prateek Sharma

Authors
  1. Srinivas Gaddam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Prateek Sharma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Prateek Sharma .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Kansas School of Medicine, VA Medical Center, Kansas city, MO, USA

    Prateek Sharma

  2. Gastroenterology, KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    Shobna Bhatia

  3. University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Khean Lee Goh

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer India

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Gaddam, S., Sharma, P. (2018). Future of GERD Research in Asia. In: Sharma, P., Bhatia, S., Goh, K. (eds) The Rise of Acid Reflux in Asia. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-0846-4_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-0846-4_13

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New Delhi

  • Print ISBN: 978-81-322-0845-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-81-322-0846-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation