Abstract
The methods for detecting seed-transmitted virus infection should be rapid, reliable and sensitive besides being simple to achieve results. This has been a challenge since the advent of the discipline of plant virology over 100 years ago, and a great variety of methods have been developed since that time.
Based on biological, serological and molecular tests, the virus and viroid diseases are diagnosed. In biological tests, a close and careful observation on the seed morphology in certain cases gives a tentative indication of the presence of virus (es). Grow-out test also helps in seed-borne virus diagnosis. Among serological tests Ouchterlony, ELISA and its variants, dot-immunobinding assay, TBIA, and Immunosorbent electron microscopy are widely used for virus detection. Among antibody-based detections, and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and its variants, (real-time PCR, RT-PCR, IC-PCR, IC-RT-PCR, multiplex PCR), are extensively practice. Protocols have been implemented in the field using portable real-time PCR machines for same-day, on-site results; cDNA probes which are labelled with radioactive markers or nonradioactive markers are used for diagnosis of seed-borne virus and viroid diseases. Array technology has revolutionised the world of viral diagnosis because of its efficiency in screening a large volume of infected seed samples in a single array plate or reaction.
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Sastry, K.S. (2013). Detection of Plant Viruses in Seeds. In: Seed-borne plant virus diseases. Springer, India. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-0813-6_6
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