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Immunostimulatory (CpG) DNA-Based Therapies for the Treatment of Allergic Disease

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Book cover Allergy Frontiers: Future Perspectives

Part of the book series: Allergy Frontiers ((ALLERGY,volume 6))

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Abstract

Accumulating experimental data outline the potential use of CpG-ODN (i.e., TLR9 ligand) as an effective intervention for the prevention and treatment of allergic disorders. As discussed below, we propose that immunotherapy with CpG-ODN can be applied through two distinct strategies: (1) vaccination and (2) immunomodulation. CpG-ODN-based vaccination provides a long-term, allergen-specific, therapeutic efficacy as well as improved safety compared to conventional allergen vaccination (i.e., desensitization). In contrast, immunomodulation by CpG-ODN provides a short-term, allergen non-specific therapeutic efficacy that prevents allergic reactions in experimental models of allergic asthma, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis. The administration of CpG-ODN as immunomodulator intervenes in the sequential acquisition of allergic sensitization (e.g., Th2 phenotype spread) and organ pathology (e.g., airway remodeling). Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the rate-limiting enzyme of tryptophan catabolism, is induced by CpG-ODN and mediates, in part, these immunomodulatory and therapeutic effects. We propose that the insight gained from these two types of interventions in experimental models of allergy can help in the design of effective therapeutics for various human allergic diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine 0663, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA

    Tomoko Hayashi & Eyal Raz

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  1. Tomoko Hayashi
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  2. Eyal Raz
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  1. Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

    Ruby Pawankar

  2. University of Southampton Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK

    Stephen T. Holgate

  3. Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics UMKC School of Medicine, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA

    Lanny J. Rosenwasser

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Hayashi, T., Raz, E. (2010). Immunostimulatory (CpG) DNA-Based Therapies for the Treatment of Allergic Disease. In: Pawankar, R., Holgate, S.T., Rosenwasser, L.J. (eds) Allergy Frontiers: Future Perspectives. Allergy Frontiers, vol 6. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-99365-0_5

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