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Neuropeptide Y and its Role in Anxiety-related Disorders

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Book cover Transmitters and Modulators in Health and Disease

Summary

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one of the most abundant peptide in the brain and has been implicated in various biological functions. Pre-clinical and clinical investigations have suggested that NPY, acting on specific receptors, has direct role in several psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety-related illnesses, which will be reviewed in this chapter. Increasing support for a role for NPY in mood disorders has been obtained over the past few years. The Y1, Y2 and Y4 receptor subtypes have been particularly involved in these behaviours. For example, we reported that NPY Y2 knockout mice display anxiolytic-like phenotype as assessed in the elevated plus maze and open field tests, suggesting a role of this receptor subtype in anxiety-related behaviours. Moreover, NPY Y2 knockout mice display memory retention deficits as evaluated in the Morris water maze and object recognition tests, while acquisition performance, swim speed and visible platform performance were not significantly different between knockout and wild-type mice. Additionally, young and old rats overexpressing NPY were found to be resistant to acute physical restrain stress, but rather surprisingly, no memory deficit was observed in old transgenic rats, contrasting with data obtained in young transgenic animals. Aged NPY transgenic rats and NPY Y2 knockout mice exhibit anxiolytic-like phenotypes, in accordance with results observed in younger animals. Interestingly, the ontogeny of various NPY receptor subtypes suggest further that they may be implicated in the etiology of anxiety-like phenotype observed in maternally deprived animals as important changes in NPY receptor distribution and levels occur during this critical period, especially for the Y2 receptor subtype. Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that NPY and its receptors may be involved in the regulation of anxiety-related behaviours and provide evidence that this neuropeptide family is an attractive drug development target for these disorders.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montreal, QC, Canada, H4H 1R3

    Yvan Dumont

  2. Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montreal, QC, Canada, H4H 1R3

    Julio César Morales-Medina

  3. Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montreal, QC, Canada, H4H 1R3

    Rémi Quirion

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  1. Yvan Dumont
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  2. Julio César Morales-Medina
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  3. Rémi Quirion
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan

    Seiji Shioda M.D., Ph.D. (Professor) (Professor)

  2. Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan

    Ikuo Homma M.D., Ph.D. (Professor) (Professor)

  3. Department of Psychiatry, Karasuyama Hospital, Showa University School of Medicine, 6-11-11, Kitakarasuyama, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8577, Japan

    Nobumasa Kato M.D., Ph.D. (Professor) (Professor)

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Dumont, Y., Morales-Medina, J.C., Quirion, R. (2009). Neuropeptide Y and its Role in Anxiety-related Disorders. In: Shioda, S., Homma, I., Kato, N. (eds) Transmitters and Modulators in Health and Disease. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-99039-0_5

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