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Osteoblast Biology and Mechanosensing

  • Chapter
Mechanosensing Biology

Abstract

The skeleton adapts to unloading and loading by changes in bone formation and bone mass. Mechanical forces induce several effects on bone formation through direct and indirect effects on osteoblastogenesis. Direct effects may involve multiple mechanoreceptors expressed in osteoblasts and that are responsive to the mechanical environment. The transduction of mechanical forces to biochemical signals involves the coordination of multiple molecules and pathways including connexins, ion channels, integrins and cytoskeletal proteins, resulting in the activation of kinases and the release of signaling molecules and growth factors which control osteoblast proliferation, differentiation and survival. Notably, the Wnt signaling pathway plays a major role in controlling osteoblast fate, number and function in response to loading. The identification of the physiological mechanisms that mediate the anabolic effects of mechanical forces on osteoblastogenesis may contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies for the defective bone formation in disuse osteoporosis.

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Acknowledgments

Due to space limitations, only a selected number of references on the subject could be quoted in this chapter. The reader is invited to read the indicated reviews for a larger selection of papers related to the subject. The author’s work on skeletal unloading was in part supported by the French National Spatial Agency (CNES, Paris, France).

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  1. Laboratory of Osteoblast Biology and Pathology, Inserm U606, Hopital Lariboisiere, 2 rue Ambroise Pare, 75475, Paris Cedex 10, France

    Pierre J. Marie

  2. University Paris Diderot, Paris, France

    Pierre J. Marie

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    Masaki Noda M.D., Ph.D. (Professor, Director) (Professor, Director)

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Marie, P.J., Marie, P.J. (2011). Osteoblast Biology and Mechanosensing. In: Noda, M. (eds) Mechanosensing Biology. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-89757-6_8

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