Abstract
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is a protease inhibitor with three tandem Kunitz-type inhibitor domains that inhibits the tissue factor (TF)-initiated blood coagulation cascade reactions by forming a complex with factor VIIa/TF via the first Kunitz-type inhibitor domain and with factor Xa via the second Kunitz-type inhibitor domain. The third Kunitz-type inhibitor domain of TFPI has no ability to inhibit protease but plays an important role in the functions of TFPI. After the discovery of TFPI, another inhibitor with three tandem Kunitz-type inhibitor domains was isolated and named as TFPI-2. The first TFPI was then named as TFPI-1. However, TFPI-2 is not the inhibitor for the initiation of the tissue factor pathway. TFPI-2 is now thought most likely to have functions clearly different from those of TFPI-1.
In this review, TFPI-1 is simply written as TFPI. Referring to the most recent literature, the structure and function of TFPI has been reviewed. Two functions of TFPI (i.e., inhibition of the TF-initiated blood coagulation pathway and inhibition of proliferation of vascular wall cells) are discussed. The relation of the plasma TFPI level to various diseases and the prospects for clinical application of TFPI are also discussed. The structure and function of TFPI-2 are briefly summarized.
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Kato, H. (2008). Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor: Structure and Function. In: Tanaka, K., Davie, E.W., Ikeda, Y., Iwanaga, S., Saito, H., Sueishi, K. (eds) Recent Advances in Thrombosis and Hemostasis 2008. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-78847-8_8
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