Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Application of High-Resolution Electron Microscopy

  • Chapter
High-Resolution Electron Microscopy for Materials Science

Abstract

On the basis of the discussions in Chaps. 1 and 2, we now consider how to observe and interpret high-resolution images, with plenty of typical examples. In Sect. 3.1, high-resolution images of various structural defects are presented and explained. X-ray diffraction and neutron diffraction provide accurate structural information averaged throughout a crystal, whereas the advantage of high-resolution electron microscopy over the diffraction methods is that it provides direct information in real space of structural defects which are localized in crystals. High-resolution electron microscopy of lattice defects such as dislocations, interfaces, and surfaces, and also structural defects in non-stoichiometric compounds are presented in this section. Section 3.2 considers the appHcation of high-resolution electron microscopy to various advanced materials such as ceramics and high-Tc superconductors. Structural changes in alloys due to heat treatment and slight compositional changes, and the characteristic structural features of quasicrystals are also explained in detail.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. For example, Hirth JP, Lothe J (1982) Theory of dislocations. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bollmann W (1956) Phys Rev 103:1588

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Hirsch PB, Home RW, Whelan MJ (1956) Philos Mag 1:677

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Shindo D, Yoo MH, Kanada S, Hiraga K (1991) Philos Mag A64:1281

    Google Scholar 

  5. Sato M, Hiraga K, Sumino K (1980) Jpn J Appl Phys 19:L155

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Hiraga K, Hirabayashi M, Sato M, Sumino K (1982) Crystallogr Res Tech 17:189

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Hirabayashi M, Hiraga K, Shindo D (1982) Ultramicroscopy, 9:197

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Kawabata T, Shindo D, Hiraga K (1992) Mater Trans JIM 33:565

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Shindo D, Yoshida M, Lee BT, Takasugi T, Hiraga K (1995) Intermetalics 3:167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Mills MJ, Miracle DB (1993) Acta Metall Mater 41:85

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Crimp MA, Tonn SC, Zhang Y (1993) Mater Sci Eng A170:95

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Takasugi T, Hanada S, Yoshida M, Shindo D (1995) Philos Mag A71:347

    Google Scholar 

  13. Hiraga K, Oku T, Shindo D, Hirabayashi M (1989) J Electron Microsc Technol 12:228

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Alexander H, Spence JCH, Shindo D, Gottschalk H, Long N (1986) Philos Mag A53:627

    Google Scholar 

  15. Shindo D, Spence JCH, Alexander H, Long N, Vanderschaeve G (1986) Proceedings of the Xlth International Congress on Electron Microscopy, The Japanese Society of Electron Microscopy, Tokyo, Japan, p 785

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kolar HR, Spence JCH, Alexander H (1996) Phys Rev Lett 77:4031

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Crawford RC, Ray ILF, Cockayne DJH (1973) Philos Mag 27:1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Lee BT, Pezzotti G, Hiraga K (1994) Mater Sci Eng A177:151

    Google Scholar 

  19. Pezzotti G, Lee BT, Hiraga K, Nishida T (1994) J Mater Sci 29:1786

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Hiraga K (1984) Sci Rep RITU A32:l

    Google Scholar 

  21. Hiraga K, Hirabayashi M, Niihara K, Hirai T (1984) Proceedings of the IXth International Conference on Chemical Vapor Deposition, The Electrochemical Society, Pennington, NJ, p 575

    Google Scholar 

  22. Pope DP, Ezz SS (1984) Int Metall Rev 29: 136

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Aoki K, Izumi G (1979) J Jpn Inst Metals 43:1190

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Emori H, Takasugi T, Hiraga K (1997) Philos Mag A75:1403

    Google Scholar 

  25. Takasugi T, Emori H, Hiraga K (1997) Philos Mag A75:1417

    Google Scholar 

  26. Ohnishi N, unpublished results (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Hiraga K, Hirabayashi M, Ishigaki N (1986) J Micros 142:201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Lee BT, Chun BS, Hiraga K (1994) J Mater Res 9:2519

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Hayashi S, Hirai T, Hiraga K, Hirabayashi M (1982) J Mater Sci 17:3336

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Hiraga K, Hirabayashi M, Hayashi S, Hirai T (1983) J Am Ceram Soc 66:539

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Higashi K (1993) Mater Sci Eng A166:109

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Jeong Ha-Guk, Hiraga K, Mabuchi M, Higashi K (1996) Philos Mag Lett 74:73

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Takayanagi K, Tanishiro Y, Takahashi S, Takahashi M (1985) Surface Sci 164:367

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Suzuki T, Tanishiro Y, Minoda H, Yagi K (1993) Surface Sci 298:473

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Ichihashi T, lijima S (1994) Proceedings of the 13th International Congress on Electron Microscopy, Paris, vol 2B, Les Editions de Physique, Les Ulis, France, p 1013

    Google Scholar 

  36. Oku T, Hiraga K, Shindo D, Nakajima S, Tokiwa A, Kikuchi M, Syono Y (1996) In: Narliker A (ed) Studies of high temperture superconductors. Noba Science, Commack, NY

    Google Scholar 

  37. Sugimoto T, Muramatsu A, Sakata K, Shindo D (1993) J Colloid Interface Sci 158:420

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Shindo D, Park GS, Waseda Y, Sugimoto T (1994) J Colloid Interface Sci 168:478

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Terasaki O, Ohsuna T (1995) Catal Today 23:201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Hyde BG, Andersson S (1988) Inorganic crystal structures. Wiley-Interscience, New York

    Google Scholar 

  41. Kikuchi M, Kusaba K, Bannai E, Fukuoka K, Syono Y, Hiraga K (1985) Jpn J Appl Phys 24:1600

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Barbier J, Hiraga K, Otero-Diaz LC, White TJ, Williams TB, Hyde BG (1985) Ultramicroscopy 18:211

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Shindo D, Hiraga K, Oku T, Oikawa T (1991) Ultramicroscopy 39:50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Lee BT, Hiraga K (1993) Mater Trans JIM 34:930

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Lee BT, Hiraga K, Shindo D, Nishiyama A (1994) J Mater Sci 29:959

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Lee BT, Hiraga K (1994) J Mater Res 9:1199

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Lee BT, Hiraga K unpublished results (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Bednorz JG, Müler KA (1986) Z Phys B64:189

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Wu MK, Ashburn JR, Torng CJ, Hor PH, Meng RL, Huang ZJ, Wang YQ, Chu CW (1987) Phys Rev Lett 58:908

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Hiraga K, Shindo D, Hirabayashi M, Kikuchi M, Oh-ishi K, Syono Y (1987) Jpn J Appl Phys 26:L1071

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Hiraga K, Shindo D, Hirabayashi M, Kikuchi M, Syono Y (1987) J Electron Microsc 36:261

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Oku T, Hiraga K, Shindo D, Kikuchi M, Nakajima S, Syono Y (1991) Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Superconductivity (ISS ’90), Springer, Berlin Heidelberg Tokyo, Japan, p 367

    Google Scholar 

  53. Hiraga K, Shindo D, Hirabayashi M, Kikuchi M, Kobayashi N, Syono Y (1988) Jpn J Appl Phys 27:L1848

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Hiraga K, Shindo D, Kikuchi M, Nakajima S (1988) JEOL News 26E:28

    Google Scholar 

  55. Oku T, Kajitani T, Hiraga K, Hosoya S, Shindo D (1991) Physica C 185–189:547

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Ogawa S, Hirabayashi M, Watanabe D, Iwasaki H (1997) Long-period ordered alloys. Agne Gijutsu Center, Tokyo, Japan

    Google Scholar 

  57. Shindo D (1982) Acta Crystallogr A38:310

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Shindo D, Hirabayashi M (1988) Acta Crystallogr A44:954

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Kuwano N, Toki M, Tanaka N, Eguchi T (1980) 7th European Congress on Electron Microscopy Foundation, Antwerp. Electron Microsc 4:166

    Google Scholar 

  60. Van Dyck D, Van Tendeloo G, Amerinckx S (1982) Ultramicroscopy 10:263

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Màki J (1986) Phys Stat Solidi 95a:51

    Google Scholar 

  62. Hiraga K, Shindo D, Hirabayashi M (1981) J Appl Crystallogr 14:185

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Terasaki O, Watanabe D, Hiraga K, Shindo D, Hirabayashi M (1981) J Appl Crystallogr 14:392

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Shindo D, Hiraga K, Hirabayashi M (1984) Sci Rep RITU A32:32

    Google Scholar 

  65. Tanaka N, Cowley JM (1987) Acta Crystallogr A43:337

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Watanabe D, Ohsuna T, Kimoto T (1993) Ultramicroscopy 52:465

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Hiraga K, Hirabayashi M, Terasaki O, Watanabe D (1982) Acta Crystallogr A38:269

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Hiraga K, Shindo D, Hirabayashi M, Terasaki O, Watanabe D (1980) Acta Crystallogr B36:2550

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Lee KH, Hiraga K, Shindo D, Hirabayashi M (1988) Acta Metall 36:641

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Spruiell JE, Stanbury EE (1965) J Phys Chem Solids 26:811

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. De Ridder R, Van Tendeloo G, Amerinck S (1976) Acta Crystallogr A32:216

    Google Scholar 

  72. Hata S, Fujita H, Matsumura S, Kuwano N, Oki K, Shindo D (1995) Abstract of the 117th Meeting of the Japan Institute for Metals in Hawaii. The Japan Institute of Metals, Sendai, Japan, p 96

    Google Scholar 

  73. Hirabayashi M, Hiraga K, Shindo D (1981) J Appl Crystallogr 14:169

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Sato H, Toth RS (1961) Phys Rev 124:1833

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Shechtman D, Blech I, Gratias D, Cahn JW (1984) Phys Rev Lett 53:1951

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Levine D, Steinhardt PJ (1984) Phys Rev Lett 53:2477

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Hiraga K, Bo-ping Zhang, Hirabayashi M, Inoue A, Masumoto T (1988) Jpn J Appl Phys 27:L951

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Hiraga K, Lincoln FJ, Sun W (1991) Mater Trans JIM 32:308

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Field RD, Fraser HL (1984–85) Mat Sci Eng 68:L17

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Hiraga K, Hirabayashi M, Inoue A, Masumoto T (1985) Sci Rep RITU A32:309

    Google Scholar 

  81. Hiraga K, Hirabayashi M, Inoue A, Masumoto T (1987) J Microsc 146:245

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Hiraga K, Hirabayashi M (1987) J Electron Microsc 36:353

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Hiraga K (1989) Mater Res Soc Symp Proc 139:125

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. Hiraga K, Lee KH, Hirabayashi M, Tsai AP, Inoue A, Masumoto T (1989) Jpn J Appl Phys 28:L1624

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Guryan CA, Goldman AI, Stephens PW, Hiraga K, Tsai AP, Inoue A, Masumoto T (1989) Phys Rev Lett 62:2409

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Hiraga K, Hirabayashi M (1987) Jpn J Appl Phys 26:L155

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Hiraga K (1991) Quasicrystals: The state of the art. Directions in: DiVincenzo DP, Steinhardt PJ (eds) Condensed Matter Physics 11:95

    Google Scholar 

  88. Hiraga K (1992) Electron Microscopy, EUREM 92. Secretariado de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Granada, vol 2, p 485

    Google Scholar 

  89. Hiraga K (1991) J Electron Microsc 40:81

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Hiraga K (1990) Springer Ser Solid-State Sci 93:68

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Hiraga K, Kaneko M, Matsuo Y, Hashimoto S (1993) Philos Mag B67:193

    Google Scholar 

  92. Sun W, Yubuta K, Hiraga K (1995) Philos Mag B71:71

    Google Scholar 

  93. Hiraga K, Sun W (1993) Philos Mag Lett 67:117

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Hiraga K, Sun W (1993) J Phys Soc Jpn 62:1833

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Hiraga K, Abe E, Matsuo Y (1993) Philos Mag Lett 70:163

    Article  Google Scholar 

  96. Matsuo Y, Hiraga K (1994) Philos Mag Lett 70:155

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Hiraga K (1991) Sci Rep RITU A36:115

    Google Scholar 

  98. Hiraga K, Sun W, Yamamoto A (1994) Mater Trans JIM, 35:657

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Hiraga K (1995) In: Chapuis G, Paciorek W (eds) Proceedings of the International Conference on Aperiodic Crystals (Aperiodic ’94), World Scientific Publishing, Singapore, p 341

    Google Scholar 

  100. Hiraga K (1997) In: Hawkes PW (ed) Advances in imaging and electron physics. Academic Press, New York, p 37

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Advanced Materials Processing, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, 980-8577, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

    Daisuke Shindo (Dr., Professor)

  2. Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, 980-8577, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

    Kenji Hiraga (Dr., Professor)

Authors
  1. Daisuke Shindo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kenji Hiraga
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer-Verlag Tokyo

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Shindo, D., Hiraga, K. (1998). Application of High-Resolution Electron Microscopy. In: High-Resolution Electron Microscopy for Materials Science. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68422-0_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68422-0_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo

  • Print ISBN: 978-4-431-70234-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-4-431-68422-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation