Abstract
There have been many studies of Ginkgo biloba L. in addition to the famous study by Hirase in 1896 [1]. Before and after Hirase’s study, Ginkgo was a plant that attracted considerable attention from other botanists in Japan. There were some studies of vegetative organs, in addition to those of reproductive organs, of Ginkgo in the 19th century. For example, a study in 1896 of the burls, known as “chichi” (nipples) in Japanese, by Fujii [2] is of particular interest.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Hirase S (1896) On the sperm of Ginkgo biloba (in Japanese). Bot Mag Tokyo 10: 325–328
Fujii K (1896) On the different views hitherto proposed regarding the morphology of the flowers of Ginkgo biloba L. (preliminary note). Bot Mag Tokyo 10:7–8, 13–15, 104–110
Foster AS (1938) Structure and growth of the shoot apex in Ginkgo. Bull Torrey Bot Club 65: 531–556
Gunckel JE, Wetmore RH (1946a) Studies of development in long shoots and short shoots of Ginkgo biloba L. I The origin and pattern of development of the cortex, pith and procambium. Amer J Bot 33: 285–295
Gunckel JE, Wetmore RH (1946b) Studies of development in long shoots and short shoots of Ginkgo biloba L. II Phyllotaxis and the organization of the primary vascular system; primary phloem and primary xylem. Amer J Bot 33: 532–543
Foster AS (1939) Problems of structure, growth and evolution in the shoot apex of seed plants. Bot Rev 5: 454–470
Esau K (1953) Plant Anatomy. Wiley, New York
Hara N (1980) Morphological study on early ontogeny of the Ginkgo leaf. Bot Mag Tokyo 93: 1–12
Sakaguchi S, Hogetsu T, Hara N (1990) Specific arrangements of cortical microtubules are correlated with the architecture of meristems in the shoot apices of angiosperms and gymnosperms. Bot Mag Tokyo 103: 143–163
Gunckel JE, Thimann KV (1949) Studies of development in long shoots and short shoots of Ginkgo biloba. III Auxin production in shoot growth. Amer J Bot 36: 145–151
Gunckel JE, Thimann KV, Wetmore RH (1949) Studies of development in long shoots and short shoots of Ginkgo biloba L. IV Growth habit, shoot expression and the mechanism of its control. Amer J Bot 36: 309–316
Sik HS, Soh WY (1983) Vascular differentiation in the mature embryo and the seedling of Ginkgo biloba L (in Korean). Korean J Bot 26: 207–216
Philipson WR, Ward JM, Butterfield BG (1971) The vascular cambium. Chapman and Hall, London
Esau K (1943) Origin and development of primary vascular tissues in the seed plants. Bot Rev 9: 125–206
Esau K (1965a) Plant anatomy, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York
Esau K (1965b) Vascular differentiation in plants. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York
Philipson WR, Ward JM (1965) The ontogeny of the vascular cambium in the stem of seed plants. Biol Rev 40: 534–579
Soh WY (1972) Early ontogeny of vascular cambium. I Ginkgo biloba. Bot Mag Tokyo 85: 111–124
Soh WY (1990) Origin and development of cambial cells. In: Iqbal M (ed) The vascular cambium. Research Studies Press, Somerset, pp 37–62
Soh WY, Hong SS, Cho DY (1988) The ontogeny of the vascular cambium in Ginkgo biloba roots. Bot Mag Tokyo 101: 39–53
Soh WY, Kang KD, Choi PS (1992) Early ontogeny of vascular cambium in cotyledonary node of Ginkgo biloba L. seedlings (in Korean). Korean J Bot 35: 359–364
Critchfield WB (1970) Shoot growth and heterophylly in Ginkgo biloba. Bot Gaz 131: 150–162
Gifford EM, Foster AS (1989) Morphology and evolution of vascular plants, 3rd edn. WH Freeman, New York
Watari S (1936) Morphology and structure of some ascidiate leaves (in Japanese). J Jap Bot 12: 100–116
Hara N (1984) Early ontogeny and malformation of Ginkgo leaves. J Jap Bot 59: 337–343
Arnott HJ (1959a) Anastomoses in the venation of Ginkgo biloba. Amer J Bot 46: 405–411
Arnott HJ (1959b) Vein anastomoses in the leaves of long shoots of Ginkgo biloba. Nature 184: 1336
Shirai M (1891) Abnormal Ginkgo tree (in Japanese). Bot Mag Tokyo 5: 341–344
Sakisaka M (1926) The real nature of the epiphyllous fruits of Ginkgo biloba L. in Mt. Minobu, prov. Kai (in Japanese). J Jap Bot 3: 168–170
Sakisaka M (1927) On the morphological significance of seed-bearing leaves of Ginkgo (in Japanese). Bot Mag Tokyo 41: 273–278
Sakisaka M (1928) Comparison of the dwarf shoot of Ginkgo with the trunk of Cycas (in Japanese). J Jap Bot 5: 101–104
Sakisaka M (1929a) On the seed-bearing leaves of Ginkgo. Jap J Bot 4: 219–235
Sakisaka M (1929b) So-called seed-bearing leaves of Ginkgo biloba (in Japanese). J Jap Bot 6: 30–36
Sakisaka M (1958) Study on Ginkgo (in Japanese). Kazama Shobou, Tokyo
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer-Verlag Tokyo
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hara, N. (1997). Morphology and Anatomy of Vegetative Organs in Ginkgo biloba . In: Hori, T., Ridge, R.W., Tulecke, W., Del Tredici, P., Trémouillaux-Guiller, J., Tobe, H. (eds) Ginkgo Biloba A Global Treasure. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68416-9_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68416-9_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-68418-3
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-68416-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive