Abstract
The upper esophageal sphincter (UES), located between the esophagus and the pharynx, provides a barrier against esophagopharyngeal reflux and subsequent aspiration of intraesophageal contents such as food or digestive juices. This consists of the cricopharyngeus muscle and the upper part of esophageal circular muscle. The UES is presented as a high pressure zone manometrically, with the pressure (UESP) higher than pharyngeal or esophageal pressure, i.e., around 39mmHg as reported by Tokuhara et al. [1], and the length of this high pressure zone is about 2–4 cm.
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References
Tokuhara T, Higashino M, Osugi H, Maekawa N, Tanimura S, Fukunaga Y, Kinoshita H (1992) Clinical study on responses of the upper esophageal sphincter after subtotal esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Jpn J Surg 93: 578–588
Freiman JM, El-Sharkawy TY, Diamant NE (1981) Effect of bilateral vagosympathetic nerve blockade on response of the dog upper esophageal sphincter ( UES) to intraesophgeal inflation and acid. Gastroenterology 81: 78–84
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© 1993 Springer-Verlag Tokyo
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Fukunaga, Y. et al. (1993). Experimental Study on Function of the Upper Esophageal Sphincter After Radical Operation for Esophageal Cancer. In: Nabeya, Ki., Hanaoka, T., Nogami, H. (eds) Recent Advances in Diseases of the Esophagus. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68246-2_175
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68246-2_175
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-68248-6
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-68246-2
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