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Enamel Formation During Porcine Amelogenesis

  • Chapter
Hard Tissue Mineralization and Demineralization

Summary

The present work was aimed at elucidating the mechanism of enamel mineralization during porcine amelogenesis by specifically investigating (1) the driving force for precipitation in the fluid microenvironment from which enamel crystals form, (2) changes in the property of matrix proteins, particularly the amelogenins, originating from their post-secretory degradation, and (3) regulatory mechanisms of crystal growth related to the interaction between these proteins and enamel mineral. Analyses of ionic concentrations (and activities) of the fluid separated from secretory porcine enamel indicated that enamel mineralization during the secretory stage of porcine amelogenesis occurs in a specific microenvironment segregated from the circulating blood. It was also suggested that the driving force for precipitation at this stage is controlled by the cellular transport of lattice ions (particularly Ca ions) and the presence of Ca-binding ligands (regulating calcium ion activity) in the fluid. Our in vitro work also showed that the originally secreted porcine amelogenin (25 kd by SDS-PAGE), as well as 60–90 and 32 kd non-amelogenins, can adsorb selectively onto apatitic surfaces. Importantly, this adsorption of amelogenin is intimately related to the inhibitory activity of crystal growth of hydroxyapatite in supersaturated solutions and regulation of isotopic exchange of ions (e.g., calcium) on the crystal surfaces in saturated conditions. This potential function of amelogenins in situ seems to be modulated by enzymatic cleavages of specific segments at the N- and C-termini.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Forsyth Dental Center, 140 Fenway, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Takaaki Aoba

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  1. Takaaki Aoba
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102, Japan

    Shoichi Suga D.D.S., D.M.S. (Professor) (Professor)

  2. University of South Carolina, 29208, Columbia, SC, USA

    Norimitsu Watabe D.Sc. (Director of Electron Microscopy Center, Professor of Biological Sciences and Marine Science Program) (Director of Electron Microscopy Center, Professor of Biological Sciences and Marine Science Program)

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© 1992 Springer-Verlag Tokyo

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Aoba, T. (1992). Enamel Formation During Porcine Amelogenesis. In: Suga, S., Watabe, N. (eds) Hard Tissue Mineralization and Demineralization. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68183-0_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68183-0_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo

  • Print ISBN: 978-4-431-68185-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-4-431-68183-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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