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Cell Culture Studies of Oxygen, Nitric Oxide, and Retinal Pericytes’ Contractile Tone

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Book cover Nitric Oxide in the Eye

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Abstract

Although the pathophysiology of glaucoma is still a matter of debate, it is clear that several conditions represent risk factors for this optic nerve head neuropathy (Shields 1992). Classically, the damage found with glaucoma has been linked to high introcular pressure (IOP) (Anderson 1989). In support of this linkage is that subjects develop unilateral glaucoma after a unilateral posttraumatic increase of IOP. In these patients it is only the eye with a high IOP that has glaucomatous damage, not the eye with normal pressure. Furthermore, the progression of damage can be stopped by reducing the IOP to normal values, which demonstrates that the high IOP, rather than the trauma itself, can lead to glaucoma (Anderson 1989; Shields 1992; Haefliger and Flammer 1997a). The importance of the role of IOP in glaucoma has been further supported by experimental animal models, in which glaucomatous cupping could be elicited after several months of an artificial increase in IOP (Shields 1992). These examples, as well as the common observation that most patients with primary open-angle glaucoma also have some elevation of IOP, have led us to assume that glaucoma was due only to an increase of the IOP and, by definition, that glaucoma is intolerably high IOP.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Ocular Pharmacology and Physiology, University Eye Clinic Basel, Mittlere Strasse 91, CH-4051, Basel, Switzerland

    Ivan O. Haefliger

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, 900 NW 17th, Miami, FL, 33136, USA

    Douglas R. Anderson

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  1. Ivan O. Haefliger
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan

    Satoshi Kashii M.D., Ph.D. (Associate Professor) & Yoshihito Honda M.D., Ph.D. (Professor and Chairman) (Associate Professor) &  (Professor and Chairman)

  2. Department of Pharmacology Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Shimoadachi-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan

    Akinori Akaike Ph.D. (Professor and Chairman) (Professor and Chairman)

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Haefliger, I.O., Anderson, D.R. (2000). Cell Culture Studies of Oxygen, Nitric Oxide, and Retinal Pericytes’ Contractile Tone. In: Kashii, S., Akaike, A., Honda, Y. (eds) Nitric Oxide in the Eye. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67949-3_4

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