Abstract
Psychrophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria in the deep-sea environment have been isolated and characterized. More than 100 psychrotrophic and 9 psychrophilic bacteria were isolated from deep-sea sediment samples. To seek possibilities to apply the isolates in biotechnology and to analyze their physiological adaptation mechanisms to low temperature, the enzymes they produce and their membrane fatty acid compositions were studied. Among a range of these bacteria, a series of strains that produce enzymes including amylases and lipases were found. Most of the examined enzymes showed significant retention of activity at low temperature and low thermostability. Analysis of total cell membrane fatty acid composition demonstrated a larger presence of unsaturated fatty acids than in their mesophilic counterparts. The growth temperature of the psychrophiles also affects the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids. The results illustrate their physiological adaptation to the permanently cold deep-sea environment.
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© 1999 Springer Japan
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Hamamoto, T. (1999). Deep-Sea Psychrophiles. In: Horikoshi, K., Tsujii, K. (eds) Extremophiles in Deep-Sea Environments. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67925-7_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67925-7_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
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