Abstract
Serpentinite is a well-known ultramafic rock, which is closely associated with tectonic plate boundaries throughout the world (Brooks 1987). Unique soils and stunted flora develop on serpentinite because of its peculiar chemical composition. Proctor and Woodell (1975) and Brooks (1987) have reviewed the relationships between the flora and specific properties of the soil, e.g., excessive magnesium, calcium deficiency, Ca/Mg imbalance, heavy metal toxicity, low nutrient levels, and so on. They pointed out that more species are generally found on serpentine soil than on non-serpentine soil, although the growth of trees on serpentine soil is lower than on non-serpentine soil. Many endemic species are also commonly found in serpentine vegetation. These features of serpentine ecosystems contribute to the biological diversity of a region. Nevertheless, serpentine soils tend to be exposed to the danger of erosion, because the cover consists of scattered stunted shrubs. Spence (1970), and Proctor and Woodell (1971) have reported examples of barrens or fellfields caused by erosion.
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Effendi, S., Miura, S., Tanaka, N., Ohta, S. (2000). Serpentine Soils on Catena in the Southern Part of East Kalimantan, Indonesia. In: Guhardja, E., Fatawi, M., Sutisna, M., Mori, T., Ohta, S. (eds) Rainforest Ecosystems of East Kalimantan. Ecological Studies, vol 140. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67911-0_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67911-0_7
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