Abstract
According to the FAO (1995, 1997), 12 594 000 ha of tropical forests diminished annually in the 1990s. The main factors of tropical deforestation are slash and burn agriculture, reclamation of farmland, conversion to pasture, industrial wood felling, firewood collecting, and illegal logging. Moreover, the land tenure system, economic growth, and population increase have been indicated as underlying causes of tropical deforestation. In this manner, most of the causes of deforestation seem to have been made clear (Brown and Pearce 1994, Sponsel et al. 1996), even though discussion on swidden agriculture or shifting cultivation still remains controversial.
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Inoue, M. (2000). Mechanism of Changes in the Kenyah’s Swidden System:Explanation in Terms of Agricultural Intensification Theory. In: Guhardja, E., Fatawi, M., Sutisna, M., Mori, T., Ohta, S. (eds) Rainforest Ecosystems of East Kalimantan. Ecological Studies, vol 140. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67911-0_15
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67911-0_15
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