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The Biology of Biodiversity pp 3–19Cite as

The Origin of Reproductive Isolation: Biological Mechanisms of Genetic Incompatibility

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Abstract

The origin of species has been the mystery of mysteries since Charles Darwin’s era. According to the biological species concept advocated by the founders of the Modern Synthesis, the question ‘how new species evolve’ can be substituted by a more answerable question ‘how reproductive isolation is established between populations’. Mechanisms preventing gene exchange between species are various, and most of them are thought to be the result, not the cause, of genetic diversity. Some disturb species recognition systems (prezygotic isolation), and others terminate generations of mixed genomes (postzygotic isolation). Examples of the latter whose biological mechanisms have recently been documented well (tumorigenesis, sexual reversion, irregular dosage compensation, nucleolar dominance, homeotic transformation, spermatogenic defects, mitotic defects, and maternal/zygotic transition failure in interspecific hybrids) are reviewed here. Gene interactions between loci from different species play important roles. As has been shown in developmental biology, transcriptional regulation may be a key factor. Genetic incompatibility in hybrids may be the manifestation of improper transcriptional regulation resulting from the coevolution of DNA-binding proteins and their binding sites.

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  1. Drosophila Genetic Resource Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan

    Kyoichi Sawamura

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan

    Masahiro Kato

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Sawamura, K. (2000). The Origin of Reproductive Isolation: Biological Mechanisms of Genetic Incompatibility. In: Kato, M. (eds) The Biology of Biodiversity. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-65930-3_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-65930-3_1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-4-431-65932-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-4-431-65930-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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