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CAST Diagnostic Imaging

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Book cover Cancer Drug Delivery Systems Based on the Tumor Microenvironment

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Abstract

Cancer stromal targeting (CAST) therapy has the potential to overcome drug resistance and improve therapeutic efficacy, even in cancer with abundant stroma that inhibits the penetration of anticancer agents. Many types of cancer form varying degrees of stroma, which generally increases with disease progression. Noninvasive imaging methods for assessing the degree of stroma formation in individual cancers are useful for diagnosing malignancy potential and selecting patients who could potentially benefit from CAST therapy. Antibodies against several types of stromal targets, including insoluble fibrin and tissue factor, have been developed and could be good candidate platforms – not only for CAST therapy, but also for imaging to assess the degree of cancer stroma formation. This section focuses primarily on antibody-based nuclear medicine imaging targeting cancer stroma because it has the highest sensitivity and quantitative ability among the noninvasive imaging techniques applicable to clinical practice, and CAST therapy has been based on antibody-drug conjugates.

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Abbreviations

18F-FDG:

2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose

ADC:

antibody-drug conjugate

CAST:

cancer stromal targeting

CT:

computed tomography

IgG:

immunoglobulin G

MRI:

magnetic resonance imaging

PET:

positron emission tomography

SPECT:

single photon emission computed tomography

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST-NIRS), Chiba, Japan

    Atsushi B. Tsuji

  2. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan

    Tsuneo Saga

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  2. Tsuneo Saga
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Correspondence to Atsushi B. Tsuji .

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  1. Division of Developmental Therapeutics, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan

    Yasuhiro Matsumura

  2. Moores UCSD Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

    David Tarin

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Tsuji, A.B., Saga, T. (2019). CAST Diagnostic Imaging. In: Matsumura, Y., Tarin, D. (eds) Cancer Drug Delivery Systems Based on the Tumor Microenvironment. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56880-3_13

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