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Neural Mechanisms Underlying the Effects of Emotional Arousal on Memory

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Memory in a Social Context

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Abstract

Emotional events (e.g., seeing a snake while hiking) typically stay in the memory longer and in more detail than neutral ones (e.g., seeing a bird while hiking). This emotion-induced memory enhancement has been attributed to the amygdala’s modulation on other brain regions, such as the medial temporal lobe and visual cortices. In line with this amygdala modulation hypothesis, previous brain imaging research revealed enhanced amygdala activity when encoding and retrieving emotional stimuli compared with non-emotional stimuli. However, emotion does not always enhance memory. Indeed, researchers have long been aware that emotion sometimes enhances and sometimes impairs memory. Yet, the underlying mechanisms of the opposing effects of emotion are relatively unknown. For example, if the amygdala’s modulation on other brain regions is critical in the emotion-memory interaction, how does it result in the enhancement effects for some aspects, while impairing other aspects of memory? In this chapter, we argue an alternative possibility: that norepinephrine released by the locus coeruleus under arousal plays a critical role in the complex effects of emotion on memory.

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  1. School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Harry Pitt Building, Earley gate, Whitenights road, Reading, RG6 7BE, UK

    Nilgun Turkileri & Michiko Sakaki

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  1. Nilgun Turkileri
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  2. Michiko Sakaki
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Correspondence to Michiko Sakaki .

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  1. Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Takashi Tsukiura

  2. Department of Psychology, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan

    Satoshi Umeda

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Turkileri, N., Sakaki, M. (2017). Neural Mechanisms Underlying the Effects of Emotional Arousal on Memory. In: Tsukiura, T., Umeda, S. (eds) Memory in a Social Context. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56591-8_4

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