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Leg Formation and Regeneration

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The Cricket as a Model Organism

Abstract

In contrast to higher vertebrates, orthopteran nymphs have remarkable regenerative capacity for regrowing complex morphological structures and organs. In this review, we summarize the molecular basis of tissue regeneration in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. In this species, the lost part of a leg can be regenerated epimorphically from blastema cells, a population of dedifferentiated proliferating cells. Blastema cell proliferation is regulated by JAK/STAT and Salvador/Warts/Hippo signaling pathways. The positional information for leg regrowth, which includes the recognition of amputated position and proper regeneration, is maintained by Dachsous/Fat signaling. The regrowth of lost leg segments is reconstructed through the expressions of genes in the hedgehog, wingless, decapentaplegic, and Egf signaling pathways and epigenetic modifiers E(z) and Utx. The insights obtained reveal the high level of conservation between insects and vertebrates, suggesting that Gryllus may be a suitable model for human regenerative medicine studies.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Hideyo Ohuchi, Taro Mito, Taro Nakamura, Yuko Maeda, Fumiaki Ito, Takuro Kida, Yuji Matsuoka, Yoshiyasu Ishimaru, Kazuki Kurita, Hidetaka Mizushima, Misa Okumura, and Yuki Bando to the cricket studies on leg development and leg regeneration described in this article. T.B. and S.N. were supported by a grant from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cytology and Histology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama City, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan

    Tetsuya Bando & Yoshimasa Hamada

  2. Tokushima University, 2-24, Shinkura-cho, Tokushima City, 770-8501, Tokushima, Japan

    Sumihare Noji

Authors
  1. Tetsuya Bando
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  2. Yoshimasa Hamada
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  3. Sumihare Noji
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tetsuya Bando .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Biology and Neuroscience, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine, USA

    Hadley Wilson Horch

  2. Graduate school of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan

    Taro Mito

  3. Biological Sciences Department, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA

    Aleksandar Popadić

  4. Department of Cytology and Histology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan

    Hideyo Ohuchi

  5. Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan

    Sumihare Noji

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Bando, T., Hamada, Y., Noji, S. (2017). Leg Formation and Regeneration. In: Horch, H., Mito, T., Popadić, A., Ohuchi, H., Noji, S. (eds) The Cricket as a Model Organism. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56478-2_3

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