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Hepatitis C Virus I pp 15–29Cite as

Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes and Their Evolution

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Abstract

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome is highly heterogeneous. Its genetic variability (genotypes and subtypes) is related to its biological and clinical properties. In 2005, a consensus was reached regarding a unified nomenclature system for HCV genotypes and subtypes. Since then, many complete genome sequences have been reported, resulting in the identification of new genotypes and subtypes. To determine the current status of HCV genotypes, complete genome sequences and their annotations were retrieved from public databases. These viral sequences were arranged according to genotype/subtype and geographical distribution and analyzed phylogenetically to determine the relationships between classification and geography. In addition, the relationships between the HCV genome and the genomes of various related viruses were analyzed phylogenetically to determine the HCV origin. These analyses showed that the viruses evolved along with their hosts and that, worldwide, HCV should be classified into seven major genotypes with their serial subtypes.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-7-1, Kohnodai, Ichikawa, 272-8516, Japan

    Tadasu Shin-I Ph.D., Masaya Sugiyama Ph.D. & Masashi Mizokami M.D., Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Tadasu Shin-I Ph.D.
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  2. Masaya Sugiyama Ph.D.
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  3. Masashi Mizokami M.D., Ph.D.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Masashi Mizokami M.D., Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    Tatsuo Miyamura

  2. Departments of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology , The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

    Stanley M. Lemon

  3. Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    Christopher M. Walker

  4. National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    Takaji Wakita

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Shin-I, T., Sugiyama, M., Mizokami, M. (2016). Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes and Their Evolution. In: Miyamura, T., Lemon, S., Walker, C., Wakita, T. (eds) Hepatitis C Virus I. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56098-2_2

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