Abstract
Waste is an inevitable by-product of human life and is generated by many sources, including residential, commercial, and industrial. In Japan, the amount of generated waste is decreasing through promotion of the 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle) policy and through population decline associated with aging. However, many issues remain in waste management, such as energy recovery from the incineration process, economic and environmental optimization for recycling systems, and residual life of final disposal sites. This article outlines the present status and issues of waste management in Japan, using various statistical data. Furthermore, a technology roadmap is developed based on Japanese waste management policy and development technologies, toward building a sound material-cycle society.
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Notes
- 1.
A society in which the consumption of natural resources is minimized and the environmental load is reduced as much as possible
- 2.
Dioxins are substances (by-products) that are naturally generated by incineration processes. Among ~200 dioxins, 29 are regarded as toxic. Dioxins are currently generated by a variety of sources, such as electric furnaces for steel production, cigarette smoke, and automobile exhaust gas, but the major source is waste incineration.
- 3.
Material recycling is a process without chemical reaction that makes plastic products from waste plastic. Chemical recycling is a process with chemical reaction such as pyrolysis and gasification and makes oil, gas, and cokes from waste plastic.
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Moriyama, R. (2016). Waste-Derived Energy. In: Kato, Y., Koyama, M., Fukushima, Y., Nakagaki, T. (eds) Energy Technology Roadmaps of Japan. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55951-1_28
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55951-1_28
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