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Adipose Tissues

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Immunology of the Skin

Abstract

The innate immune system provides rapid protection from foreign pathogens. However, under certain conditions of metabolic dysfunction, components of the innate immune system are activated in the absence of external pathogens, leading to pathologic consequences. Recent studies have revealed that obesity is associated with significant increases of M1 macrophages in adipose tissues that produce pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β. In addition, many reports have demonstrated that adipose tissues are metabolically active and produce inflammatory mediators, known as adipokines. The latter include TNF-α, MCP-1/CCL2, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), IL-6, leptin, and adiponectin. These findings support the theory that obesity itself is a low-grade chronic inflammatory state. Indeed, the association between psoriasis and obesity has been the subject of recent evidence-based reviews. Overall, adipose tissue inflammation in obesity demonstrates that the immune system and metabolism are highly integrated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawara, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan

    Satoshi Nakamizo M.D. & Gyohei Egawa M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Satoshi Nakamizo M.D.
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  2. Gyohei Egawa M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Gyohei Egawa M.D., Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Grad Sch of Med., Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan

    Kenji Kabashima

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Nakamizo, S., Egawa, G. (2016). Adipose Tissues. In: Kabashima, K. (eds) Immunology of the Skin. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55855-2_15

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