Abstract
A variety of policies, direct regulation, economic measure, voluntary action, and information disclosure are applied in environmental problems. Optimal policies differ, depending on the contents of environmental problems and/or the circumstances of social systems. Economic measure, including both pricing policy and target policy, is theoretically effective policy; however, this policy works in condition of high price elasticity of demand and well-developed market. Compensation system for social damage is necessary when environmental damage happens. Policy analysis and assessment are required to assess policy. Tools such as cost-benefit analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, and risk analysis are used for evaluating policies. However, these analyses can be used in assumption of the trust on the assessment by the general public. The discount rate has a great impact on climate change policy because cost and benefit generally occur at different times. A recycle-based society can be established based on the appropriate assessment of the costs and benefits of recycling and disposal.
Keywords
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Kolstad C (2011) Environmental economics, 2nd edn. Oxford University Press, New York.
Menanteau P, Finon D, Lamy M (2003) Prices versus quantities: choosing policies for promoting the development of renewable energy. Energy Policy 31:799–812
Nakanishi J (2010) Risk studies of food. Nippon Hyoron Sha Co., Ltd, Tokyo.
Nordhaus WD, Boyer J (2000) Warming the world: economic models of global warming. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
Slovic P, Fischoff B, Lichtenstein S (1979) Rating the risks. Environment 21(14–20):36–39
Stern N (2006) The economics of climate change: the stern review. Cambridge University Press. www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/stern_review_report.htm
The Council on Environmental Quality (1991) Environmental quality: 21st annual report 1990. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC
Turner RK, Pearce D, Bateman I (1993) Environmental economics, an elementary introduction. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore
Yokemoto M (2007) Responsibility and compensation of environmental damage and cost bearing. Yuhikaku Publishing Co., Ltd, Tokyo.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer Japan
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hori, S. (2016). Environmental Policy. In: Shimaoka, T., Kuba, T., Nakayama, H., Fujita, T., Horii, N. (eds) Basic Studies in Environmental Knowledge, Technology, Evaluation, and Strategy. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55819-4_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55819-4_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-55817-0
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-55819-4
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)