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Reactions and Orientational Control of Organic Nanocrystals

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Advances in Organic Crystal Chemistry

Abstract

Organic nanocrystals can be prepared by the reprecipitation method. The solid-state reactions within the nanocrystals and the reactions on the nanocrystal surfaces were investigated. In the nanocrystals, strain accumulated during the solid-state reactions can be released by the deformation of the shape, and single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation was achieved. In the solid-state polymerization, the size of monomer nanocrystals was closely related to the molecular weight of the resulting polymers. Radical attacks on crystal surfaces were found to stimulate the solid-state chain polymerization. By using excitation of the compound in the nanocrystals, metal cations can be selectively reduced on the crystal surfaces. Orientation control of nanocrystals using electric and magnetic fields was investigated. Nanocrystals were successfully oriented according to the crystal structures, in which molecules specifically interacted with the external fields. Degree of polar orientation by a DC electric field could be improved by assistance of a DC magnetic field. Solidification of the dispersion media realized fixation of nanocrystal orientation to generate permanent macroscopic anisotropy.

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Acknowledgments

Most of the results summarized in this article have been attained by the active collaborators shown in the references. The authors especially thank to Emeritus Professor Hachiro Nakanishi, Dr. Hitoshi Kasai, Dr. Akito Masuhara, Dr. Tsunenobu Onodera, Dr. Hirohiko Miura, and Dr. Yuji Kaneko for their valuable discussions and scientific contributions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, 992-8510, Japan

    Shuji Okada

  2. Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan

    Hidetoshi Oikawa

Authors
  1. Shuji Okada
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  2. Hidetoshi Oikawa
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Correspondence to Shuji Okada .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Rui Tamura

  2. The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

    Mikiji Miyata

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Okada, S., Oikawa, H. (2015). Reactions and Orientational Control of Organic Nanocrystals. In: Tamura, R., Miyata, M. (eds) Advances in Organic Crystal Chemistry. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55555-1_24

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