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Gangliosides Regulate Tumor Properties: With Focus on the Suppression of Metastasis-Associated ppGalNAc-T13 with GM1

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Abstract

Sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids, gangliosides are expressed in various tissues and cells in our bodies. However, some relatively simple gangliosides are expressed in a tumor-specific manner in neuroectoderm-derived cancers and T-cell leukemias. They are also expressed in small cell lung cancers and osteosarcomas. Not only as tumor markers but as functional molecules on the cell surface membrane, they have been of interest, and indeed their roles in cancer cells have gradually been clarified. Recently, disialyl gangliosides and monosialyl gangliosides have been demonstrated to have opposite functions in the regulation of cancer properties. In particular, ganglioside GM1 showed suppressive effects on cell proliferation, invasion, and cancer metastasis in contrast with cancer-associated disialyl gangliosides such as GD3 and GD2. Based on the gene profiling with DNA array, it was demonstrated that the reduction of GM1 levels resulted in the increased expression of ppGalNAc-T13 and caused increased integrin functions, leading to enhanced metastatic potential of Lewis lung cancers. Trimeric Tn structure on syndecan-1 seems to be a key molecule to cause high metastasis. Both enhancing and suppressing actions of gangliosides on cancer properties have been shown to take place in membrane microdomains named lipid rafts. Therefore, regulatory functions of individual gangliosides in lipid rafts exerted by interacting with membrane molecules should be topics to be investigated now.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-0065, Japan

    Koichi Furukawa, Yasuyuki Matsumoto, Qing Zhang & Keiko Furukawa

  2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, 487-8501, Japan

    Keiko Furukawa

Authors
  1. Koichi Furukawa
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  2. Yasuyuki Matsumoto
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  3. Qing Zhang
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  4. Keiko Furukawa
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Correspondence to Koichi Furukawa .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Glycometabolome Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max-Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, Wako, Saitama, Japan

    Tadashi Suzuki

  2. Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

    Kazuaki Ohtsubo

  3. Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max-Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, Wako, Saitama, Japan

    Naoyuki Taniguchi

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Furukawa, K., Matsumoto, Y., Zhang, Q., Furukawa, K. (2015). Gangliosides Regulate Tumor Properties: With Focus on the Suppression of Metastasis-Associated ppGalNAc-T13 with GM1. In: Suzuki, T., Ohtsubo, K., Taniguchi, N. (eds) Sugar Chains. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55381-6_4

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