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Gangliosides and T-Cell Immunity

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Sugar Chains

Abstract

Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids separated into several series on the basis of the absence or presence of one or more sialic acid residues linked to the galactose residue in the second position from the ceramide backbone. Gangliosides are fundamental constituents of lipid rafts in eukaryotic cell membranes and are considered to play a variety of roles in cell physiology such as modulation of signal transduction. As with gangliosides, T cells, key players of the adaptive immune response, are phenotypically divided into several subpopulations, and each of them preferentially expresses differential series of gangliosides. Recent studies have shown that the differential ganglioside expression is likely to contribute to the appropriate lipid raft structures for T-cell activation via the antigen receptor, T-cell receptor. Furthermore, the abnormal ganglioside levels in T cells are associated with the pathogenesis of autoimmune and allergic disorders. Therefore, a variety of lipid rafts with different gangliosides are conceivably formed on the plasma membrane of individual T-cell subsets, suggesting the regulation of gangliosides is a therapeutic target for immune system diseases.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. V. Lucas for critical reading of this manuscript. This work was supported by research grants from the Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology division of the Japan Science and Technology Agency (to J.-i.I. and M.N.), a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (to J.-i.I.), a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) (to M.N.), the Mizutani Research Foundation for Glycoscience (J.-i.I.), the Naito Science Foundation (J.-i.I. and M.N.), and the ONO Medical Research Foundation (J.-i.I.).

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  1. Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembranes and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan

    Masakazu Nagafuku & Jin-ichi Inokuchi

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  1. Masakazu Nagafuku
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  2. Jin-ichi Inokuchi
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Correspondence to Masakazu Nagafuku or Jin-ichi Inokuchi .

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  1. Glycometabolome Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max-Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, Wako, Saitama, Japan

    Tadashi Suzuki

  2. Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

    Kazuaki Ohtsubo

  3. Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max-Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, Wako, Saitama, Japan

    Naoyuki Taniguchi

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Nagafuku, M., Inokuchi, Ji. (2015). Gangliosides and T-Cell Immunity. In: Suzuki, T., Ohtsubo, K., Taniguchi, N. (eds) Sugar Chains. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55381-6_3

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