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Physical Activity, Exercise, Sedentary Behavior and Health pp 213–234Cite as

Functional Roles of β2-Adrenergic Receptors in Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy and Atrophy

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Abstract

We discuss the functional roles of β2-adrenergic receptors in skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy, as well as the adaptive responses of β2-adrenergic receptor expression to anabolic and catabolic conditions. Stimulation of the β2-adrenergic receptor using anabolic drugs increases muscle mass by promoting muscle protein synthesis and/or attenuating protein degradation. These effects are prevented by the downregulation of the receptor. Endurance training improves oxidative performance, partly by increasing β2-adrenergic receptor density in exercise-recruited slow-twitch muscles. However, excessive stimulation of β2-adrenergic receptors negates their beneficial effects. Although preventive effects of β2-adrenergic receptor stimulation on atrophy induced by muscle disuse and catabolic hormones or drugs were observed, these catabolic conditions decreased β2-adrenergic receptor expression in slow-twitch muscles. These findings present evidence against the use of β2-adrenergic agonists in therapy for muscle wasting and weakness. Thus, β2-adrenergic receptors in the skeletal muscles play an important physiological role in the regulation of protein and energy balance.

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Author notes

  1. Shogo Sato

    Present address: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA

  2. Ken Shirato

    Present address: Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan

    Shogo Sato, Ken Shirato, Ryosuke Mitsuhashi & Kazuhiko Imaizumi

  2. Department of Health and Physical Education, Aichi University of Education, Kariya, Aichi, Japan

    Hideki Suzuki

  3. Administration Office, Joetsu University of Education, Joetsu, Niigata, Japan

    Kaoru Tachiyashiki

  4. Global COE Doctoral Program, Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan

    Kazuhiko Imaizumi

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  1. Shogo Sato
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  4. Hideki Suzuki
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  5. Kaoru Tachiyashiki
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Correspondence to Shogo Sato .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan

    Kazuyuki Kanosue

  2. Waseda Institute of Sports Nutrition, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan

    Satomi Oshima

  3. School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

    Zhen-Bo Cao

  4. Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan

    Koichiro Oka

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Sato, S., Shirato, K., Mitsuhashi, R., Suzuki, H., Tachiyashiki, K., Imaizumi, K. (2015). Functional Roles of β2-Adrenergic Receptors in Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy and Atrophy. In: Kanosue, K., Oshima, S., Cao, ZB., Oka, K. (eds) Physical Activity, Exercise, Sedentary Behavior and Health. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55333-5_18

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